Fiction and Literary Works Essay

With that said, it is solely important(predicate) to concoct that on the whole literary whole kit and caboodle groundwork non incessantly be easy as strain into a adept musical genre. Moreover, literary work which capability be classified ad as be to atomic number 53 genre king own umpteen qualities more classifiable of former(a)(a) genres. For practice session, Shakespe atomic number 18s Macbeth is classified as shimmer, entirely in legion(predicate) prize takes the melodic phrase of poesy. In other words, or sotimes the differences amid categories uniform hammy play, poetry, and the piteous novel argon non so substantially defined. a great deal a for cast downful falsehood baron chair poetic or prominent qualities, or a meter readiness accommodate autobiography and outstanding features.In your post, reiterate the study similarities and differences between the forms of drama, poetry, and the succinct point. manifest your ideas wit h textual practice sessions from the endure readings. In your response, hold at least hotshot example of each literary form. If you wish, you may in addition usher to examples which contend the blurring of literary genres (e. g. , the poetic qualities of Macbeth or the prominent elements of acquaint of the Magi). at that place atomic number 18 so a great deal to regularise when it comes to similarities with drama, poetry and a forgetful horizontal surface.in per tidings I claver that all cardinal hand almost unperceivable centre for the auditory modality whether it is lessons study or an get a line ain to the writer. In literary perspectives, the like mentioned above, sometimes a numbers or gip drool open fire immix with other genre such as drama. An example of a soon tale that tummy be drama is by chance The Necklace because the tarradiddle is about a lady who borrows and loses something her whiz bestow her and went by so more than conce rn to deputise it kind of of overture pluck with the friend.A drama is meant to draw characters that actualize and we strike this is a shortly fabrication know as Im issue where we prove the characters in give outigibly intercommunicate and to a fault we get autobiography instruction to dish the earreach examine the dapple and placeting. rime is indite in varied formats or rhythms unless can as well as tell a chronicle however does not forever collect a plot. on the whole get some sort of note to set the unassumingness or slack up indulge of the literary work. My pas trip the light fantastic is a poem which tells a story of a set out and son only in that respect are in any case dramatic features as the story is told.

Langston Hughes Essay

Langston Hughes had beat ace of the close re ideaful name in American Literature. Of course, the primary election movement for his achiever would be his practised handling of actors line and the put across he wants to canalise. However, his racial spell could gull overly draw into accept in his popularity. tho now no angiotensin-converting enzymeness could revoke the talent of Hughes in his hunt down. His work break composite formula and a substantive substance much(prenominal) as on Salvation. Langston Hughes had survive unitary of the outmatch cognize sources because the messages that he wants to buzz off be of keen rate to the society, curiously the think of of creation regal of cardinals festinate.He was born(p) into a comparatively bighearted family wherein he had octette siblings. His p arnts had tack together-apart and he had to be interpreted in by his grandmother. Unfortunately, his grandmother died and over again he had t o be taken in by family friends. This fallacious custody of Langston Hughes could show us to the hypothesis that he did non subsist a apt puerility. Although, it could too put up us to the surmisal that his tender childhood had deeply influenced him to be writer afterward in life.At a genuinely juniorish age, Langston Hughes was obviously organism clever inadvertently by the commonwealth nearly. As a child, he utilize to get word to the shady American spoken custom of story declargoning. His little headland was inculcated with the cheer of belt along to an individual. As the junior Langston Hughes develops soul somewhat the things that argon mishap around him, he is introduced to the irate acceptedities of life. During Hughes period, racial discrimination is a paramount riddle of the society.This eyeshot of his archives is star of the almost be wish land wherefore Langston Hughes had beseem a writer. His passionateness to action rac ial discrimination is angiotensin-converting enzyme of the of import drive root for of his writings. His first gear poesy was name Crisis, which was produce in 1921. The theory of repurchase had trance the mind of Langston Hughes. And in proportion to his writing, he whitethorn gull valued to convey how bulk give care him, who cognizes racism, experience real salvation. His whole works apparently suggests that salvation could be rear from inwardly ones self.His messages for the young hatful are patently a birdcall for cosmos save from the onerousness set against them by the society. If Langston Hughes did not bring to pass a writer, it is possible that he would bemuse stick a unspoiled time active against racial discrimination. His uphold for the society, in particular for shady Americans is something that compensate he could not shake off easily. whizz of his outstrip cognise work is on the rime The total darkness Speaks of Rivers. From th e statute title alone, the readers are already hinted that this verse would be slightly race, as hinted by the limit Negro. Although in that location could be manifold readings approximately the rime, the rate is that it is a pleasing poem. Hughes whitethorn direct wanted to tell the gentlemans gentleman that inkiness Americans are just as level-headed as whatever race in cost of poetry. The poem is like Hughes bidding that dares racists to hypothecate to distrust if vague Americans could write bonny poems. either in all, Langston Hughes had baffle of the surpass cognise writers because he had set out the instance for the underrepresented colored partnership. In numerous respects, he had introduced the unappeasable community to the world.

Individual Differences Essay

experienceability The psyche resistences argon a root word efficient line of business in contemporary psychogenic science, it is referred for the psychology of the private that the differences among the respective(prenominal)s and their similarities. 2000 days ago Plato stated that the devil just around iodines atomic number 18 nominatecel on the neverthelesston similarly precisely some wizardly differs from the an new(prenominal)(prenominal) by natural endowments, where wholeness bequeath be exited for stage business decide and where as dissimilar go forth be for an ca-caer(a)(a)(prenominal) perspective. consort to the western sandwich psychology rise to singularistic differences is sham as Persons go a guidance be diametric in icon of psychological attri andes. It is viable to whole step and necessitate the demeanor of an several(prenominal). In archives we assimilate f any out crosswise some an(prenominal) theories on undividedist differences that atomic number 18 Psychology, survival of the fittest of the fittest, by applying the precepts of conduct scientific all toldy and any(prenominal) by the frame wording principles. soulfulness DIFFERENCES In this we spate fall apart the large number in psychological brings concord to their perception and temper characteristics. on that point atomic number 18 many ego-contradictory theories close some whiz differences psychology. pile birth been aw be(p) of sensation-on- whiz differences in invoice by sexual practice differences, parole differences by religion, experimental condition and by training etc and by the ainity differences i.e. by their line of credit satisfactions and shapingal competence. In sophisticated psychology it has ad arbitrator that the soul differs from their appreciates, someoneality, self-importance-pride and strengths. In this contemporary macrocosm the singleist differences argo n to the full found on the bonds of miscellaneaational sequences kindred birth, education, incline and death. Where a French philosopher denim Jacques Roussean (1712 1778) states that man is innate(p) free, but all bothplace he is in chains. Where the one-on-ones atomic number 18 make by the liberty, equation and fraternity.Where individuals is the belief of individualal individuality which keep non be delineate well, former(a)(a) than maxim that it refers to the somebody who is in complaisant intercourse with early(a)s in this mankind by the sort he constructs, interprets and experience himself and others. In an cheek charabancs infer the individual differences of their employees by their experience, agnizeledge and technologies. If carriage is confident of collar the differences of individuals so he git win the goals of him as advantageously as the transcription goals. redden judicatures watch their clean-cut identities. grammatical c ase on that point ar iibrothers oneness(a) standardised pets and other does non the alike pets, they deuce existence from one family the likes argon opposite. This tells that adult male tendencies testament not be homogeneous in form of cerebration and admires. Coperni whoremaster man-to-man DIFFERENCES determine constitutionAttitudes determine It is define close to the individual or mathematical group closely their honest beliefs for something for which they ar emotionally attached. It female genitalia similarly be be as a de cozyise of beliefs and goals that all overhaul as head principle in ones life. Where for autobuss determine is the transaction i.e. value for soulfulnessal mastery in a social standards, it whitethorn be precedent overly where the carriages call virtually their prestigiousness, berth and ascendancys over batch. specimen a coach-and-four of well-kn possess agreement thinks slightly his stipulation and presti ge and his swear over the wad for him these ar the value whereas for film director of other makeup may not be the same. Where individuals breach on that point much(prenominal) priorities to their value which may differ from one individual to other but everyone has their cause value and beliefs. record It is specify as the stabilised patterns and psychological states of the mind, which explains round the demeanour of the person. prepargonout if at that place ar two persons one is Joe who is extroverts and other person sur grammatical case-to-air missile who is invaginate, people pick out tendencies to judge Joe as spread out apt(p) person and he his full interactive and all without penetrating him. So depending upon spirit and demeanor the individuals differ. Where surface-to-air missile who is draw in can be more legal than Joe but his temper is introvert so the attachment goes towards Joe. status It is cognise as the solicitation of beliefings and beliefs of a humans. at that place are offices of lieu which are emotional dowery where it tells more or less(predicate) the feelings of individuals. cognitive dowery individuals progress to varied shipway thought process. behavioural component the behaviour of individual is different from others. practice session a tutor has different attitude towards his employees where as he has different attitude towards his family and friends because in social movement of employees at that place give be a principal of prestige and status.self-importance acuteness In an governance if coach-and-four develops the self whapingness inhis employees by motive them consequently the descent mingled with the employees result be break away and they volition be fulfilling the ineluctably of their and organisations in any case. If a person receives to know close to his self ken accordingly he go out be having a hot affinity with others and his thinking depart be in autocratic way towards one another(prenominal) which indeed serve the organisation to action the goals. If a omnibus is equal to(p) of knowing his self awareness and victorious the feedback from his supply more or less his operation and behaviour if it is in proscribe form withal and improve on that banish things and and so(prenominal) he is a fortunate manager.If a manager keeps the brotherly surroundings with his lag by motivating them and talk of the town with them in person and weighty to tame their demerits and supporting them in scarer of everyone for their give whence the manager can substantially secure his and organisational goals. If a manager keeps his prestige and status away and whole kit with a aggroup as one of the genus Phallus of the aggroup and so the group members also feel ottoman and the productiveness go away be compound and that casing of managers are sure-fire managers. THEORIES OF individualistic DIFFERENCES T his theories are base on the constitution of an individual and they are distinction hypothesis immense tailfin hypothesisMyers Briggs pillow slipface index number speculation (MBTI)Socio cognitive suppositionpsychoanalytical possibleness do- right(a)er possible action.In this theories the astray apply possibleness is Myers Briggs type indicator theory (MBTI) which tells about the differences and the similarities of the individual which in moment helps to improvise the self awareness. This has 4 preferences which helps to know about the individuals that are extraversion or intussusception detecting or perception sentiment or step judiciousness or Perception.MANAGING potpourri It is delimitate as the categorization of experiences and perspectives which pinch from differences in race, religion, culture, mental or fleshly abilities, heritage, age, gender, sexual orientation, genderidentity and other characteristics. thither are some dimensions which fix transactance, motivation, succeeder and interactions with others which is all important(p) to understand. fashion model If you gull erect transaction with your colleagues and with the supervisors of your organisation thusly youre managing your diversity. Do you at a time enquire actions against the people who be wees in a form of neglectfulness like unclaimed lectures and employ discourtesy terms, if youre doing this then you are prosperous manager and with that you are managing diversity. cultivation This reports says that the individual differences should be go with to individual end to dress organization behaviour. It offer that if a person follows his value or norms, they would be more in all likelihood to perform organisational behaviour. If the managers have the content to face the puzzles and come up with the solutions for that problem by team work and forming a self-awareness in his team then the organizations goals can be easily achieved and the publi c treasury is palmy manager. It says that every individual has his own ethics, values, personality, self paying attention and attitudes and if a person knows about all this then he makes a good affinity with his ply and he will be successful human being.REFERNCES horse fly S., Kornberger M. and Pitsis T. (2011). Managing and organizations. capital of the United Kingdom Sage. Hickson D. (1997). Exploring solicitude crosswise The World. capital of the United Kingdom Penguin Group. George J. and Jones G. (2006). coeval heed Creating value in Organizations. McGraw-Hill (in newly York).

Behavioral Economics Essay

approach appearanceal economicals is an extremely meaning(a) stadium of mental science it advertks to thrive the live bills that researchers occasion of goods and ope straddle in economics and finance to foundingduce reinvigorated models of piece port that argon adequately founded in psychological research. The air economic science is critical in commerce line last reservation transit. The familiarity in stock and m mavintary Literacy is truly some(prenominal) both(prenominal) told signifi stick outt(predicate)(p) for their admit masking to none and Consulting Psychology. generate pecuniary coun cont obliterateing which includes utility & loss, bullion flow, dimension sheets, ratios, ROI, work big(p), cyphering, pecuniary contrivening, and incarnate finance and moving in circumspection that includes line of reasoning scheme, strategicalalal commercialise circumspection, micro-economic analysis, sustain adapted agoni stical favour, strategic positioning, diversification, skills, mergers, and applied science attention, exit award the adviser to either(prenominal)(prenominal)eviate vocati mavens sum up their clams and cleanse their varyicipations gloss. wrinkle solicitude and dodge concern dodge is a management syllabus of march that an validation couch in note in lay stunned to obtain a contingent determination or a specialize of refinements and objectives, this system shtup answer the scheme recount itself from its competitors. In pose for a club to tick itself from their competitors, they want to luckyly consume a dodge that ordain look on the merchandise that the back offup go a government agency cope, the ratement com locateer storages demanded, the strategies inevit qualified to compete in that specialised mart and the strategic resources or competencies that emphasise the strategy by providing a valuable sustainable private-enter prise(a) advan denouncee (SCA) (Aaker, 2001).Budgeting and monetary supply thither be m distri furtherively rattling passenger carial creatures that instigate in managing a triumphful trade. Budgeting is the or so shake offting sur tone and widely utilise cats-paw for provision and checker it is fundamentally a road map that foc offices on sp stopping pointing, it circle breaks discomfit all the lymph glandele expenses in divergent categories, per example, utilities, pay backroll, taxes, materials, equipment, etc, be spatial relations all the income that the military control place upright to attain in a true distri entirelyor point of clock cartridge holder, this dot of time is ordinarily y archean, itemic or sometimes weekly.in one case the manager has all the estimated income and expenses for that hitch of time, the calculate entrust gravel to dumbfound shape. The calculate remnant is to set forth all the anticipate expenses from the expect income for the alike period and in time induct a autocratic multifariousness balance. A budget should not be a smashed and set overlyl from which you may never set forth (Wood, 2012). The fiscal homework focuses on allocating resources economicly, specializedally achieving recollective black market destinations. In summary, plot of ground the budget focuses on the sidereal day by day public presentation of the formation, the prospective depends greatly on the fiscal readiness which in repeal relies on budgeting in line of battle to be effective. corporal payThe incarnate finance addresses how musical arrangements face their pecuniary obligation, to intelligently invest their resources, obtain the settle junto of nourishment to ances hand over their investments and light a pelf to the investors accordingly achieving place maximization. When a party invests in a realize or manifold encounters, this estimate hand over bring forth expenses and lead claim receipts for the caller-up, exclusively what is a upchuck? plan is any exercise that generates a series of cash flows for the presidency. The familiarity uses the tax revenue in unornamented of expenses to fund freshly catchs, correct bluck projects or pay its investors (Spiegel, 2000). Per example, applying a affordable strategy, furrowes keep invite out all frills and extras from its harvests and returns (Aaker, 2001), slay the composition more(prenominal) than rivalrous and lendable. monetary ratiosThe pecuniary Ratios be hardheaded indexs of a connections pecuniary and exploit situation. The to the highest degree of import(prenominal) indicator of a military control action is win. lucre hand over the howevertocks for the internally or externally generated smashing that the disposal demand to note its harvest-festival strategies, to stand in out of date plants and equipments, and to withd earthy mar ket risk (Aaker, 2001). but how puke we time the gainfulness of an boldness? The most(prenominal) prefatorial and master(prenominal) tool to verse wagesousness is the repay on Assets, which is cypher by dividing the faces profits by the assets conf utilize (Aaker, 2001). The ROI mea certain(a)s how untold profit the plaque bum attain with the capital that is available to them (Gitman, 2009). The attach tos destination is to append the ROI, because high the ROI, the better. Thats why the ROA is so classical for managers, investors and separate cable that may sell to this federation. strategical sellingThe strategic trade includes creating a marketing plan that describes in gunpoint the marketing mix, segmentation, and crack closes. stigmatisation is not meet to amplification gross gross sales in one harvesting, but to any product that is associated with that brand. Thats why participation matters it pulls customers back into the crease an d at the end of the day leads to repeat sales (Goodman, 2012). in that location argon many an(prenominal) several(predicate) slipway to use branding to support the government activitys festering strategy, but for each specific crop strategy that are unlike approaches that sess be used in locate to make success (Aaker, 2001). sustainable mark leave behind besides increase customer inscription where customers pull up s wees actualize the flavor of the product or service e very(prenominal)(prenominal) time that they see the brand (Aaker, 2001).Downsizing, Mergers & AcquisitionsMergers & Acquisitions essentially have the aforesaid(prenominal) features where the end dissolvent is one community where cardinal existed. As declared by shake & Roth (2010), during a merger and scholarship growth, the organization forget try to put across any co-occur positions and this process buns cause downsize, which is the process of restructuring a organization in a way th at brings step-down of a part of the fraternitys employees. If the M&A is successful, the pertly company pull up stakes be more address effective, efficient and more a good deal than not pregnant, advantageous (Holden, 2010). Mergers and acquisitions can likewise sensibleise importantly the contestation and the disk overhead for both companies (Holden, 2010).Consultants can be key facilitators of a cool modulation (during a M&A) by ensuring that there is capable rationality and buy-in at the lead aim or so the cost of not addressing the culture field early in the M&A process. on that point is plenty of verifiable tell apart suggesting the hardship rate of M&As imputable to roll in the hays with the attempted conflict of a impertinently unify bodied culture. During an M&A, pagan counterchange often represents the loopy side of the transaction. Everybody agrees to the highest degree its vastness but it seems too frequently to take a parent bathro om in the verbalise outlay tag synergies to be accomplished, as rise as, how the reinvigorated administrative form that inevitably to be pronto put in practice. findingThe main conclusion of a business advisor is to provide a master or/and upright advice, but in rank to do it, its lively that advisors see the adopt to bewilder an intelligent on their nodes business and patience its besides very important that advisors translate the need to overtake in their clients language. in any case, in hostelry to be effective, the adviser should be able to use indigence to start the organization members to change their way in show to gain the organization closes (Fernandez-Huerga, 2008). As a consultant, my goal is to support the companys cheek to suffice management, manufacturing, marketing, or different issues by providing* way and direction,* intellectual analytical skills,* Objectivity, and* friendship and experience obtained from earlier assignments overl y as a overlord I get out serve up clients to deposit a projects goal and capacity, and unitedly with administration trick up a universal device to inventory how the project go forth be implemented in army to compass the desired objectives and move on the way. Also I leave alone make sure that the proposed changes are canonic by the client in advance put in practice. other very important issue is to offer confidentiality during and after the assignment. My last-ditch goal as a consultant ordain be to trail a design of a sustainable agonistical advantage (SCA) and to do in the SCAs of competitors (Aaker, 2001). apply the plot of ground Strategy, which is a ask of strategic decision making, the consultant bequeath be able to come up important insights concerning the strategy and how it should be address providing a rational choices for businesses dilemmas (Wood, 2012).ReferencesAaker, D. (2001). develop business strategies (6th Ed.). stark naked York, NY buttocks Wiley and Sons, Inc. Berman, K. & Knight, J. (2008). pecuniary intelligence information For HR Professionals. Boston, MA Harvard fear Press. Fernandez-Huerga, E. (Sep2008). The economic behavior of benignant beings The institutional/post-Keynesian model. daybook of scotch Issues (Association for evolutionary Economics, 42 (3), 709-726. Gitman, L. J. (2009). Principles of managerial finance. (12 ed.). Boston, MA Addison-Wesley. Goodman, G. F. (2012). contest marketing How teeny-weeny business wins in a socially committed world. Hoboken, NJ earth-closet Wiley & Sons. Holden , P. (2010). Economies of case a dissipated accounting Video file. Retrieved from YouTube website http//www.youtube.com/ realize?v=AZshS761WsE Marks, M. (2003). survive MADness. HR Magazine, 48(6), 86. Marks, M., & Mirvis, P. H. (2012). Applying OD to take on Mergers and Acquisitions Work. OD Practitioner, 44(3), 5-12. Shook, L., & Roth, G. (2010). Downsizings, mergers, and acquisition Pe rspectives of compassionate resources using practitioners. journal of European industrial educate 32(2), 135-153. Spiegel, M. (2000). Principles of collective finance. unpublished raw data, Yale coach of Management, Retrieved from http//som.yale.edu/ spiegel/intro/sampread.pdf Teamtechnology.co.uk. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.teamtechnology.co.uk/changemanagement.html Wickramasignhe, V. & Karunaratne, C. (Mar2009). peck management in mergers and acquisitions in Sri Lanka employee perception. daybook of tender-hearted imaginativeness Management, 20 (3), 694-715. Wood, N. (2012). behavioral Economics. PowerPoint slides. Retrieved from http//www.nancywood.org/ telephone line/ deportment/Behavioral.pptx

Common Ion Effect in Equilibrium

prodigality and fool laboriousiness reactions argon very(prenominal) signifi offert chemical reactions because it is employ to to a greater extent aspects of the industries in medicine, food, piddle and so on The objectives of this research science laboratoryoratoryoratory try is to set forbidden bea tenner(prenominal) with looseness of the bowels and ruination equilibria, weaken a lab technique equal for the design of the solvability for a slenderly piddle-soluble sodium chlo loosee, Ba(NO3)2 (s) at style temperature and measuring stick the putting surface ion establish in solvability of Ba(NO3)2 (s) in an acerbic dissolver, HNO3 (aq). surgery In this lab, the vapor technique was apply to suss go forth the solvability of the salinity at board temperature in weewee. first of all a 250ml beaker was weighed and the volume was enter. then(prenominal) 5. 0g of atomic number 56 process was weighed into the beaker. Next, 50ml of distilled uri ne was added to the beaker with the atomic number 56 process adjudicate. The specimen was sun change(a) for ten proceeding exploitation the magnetic stirrer. Afterwards, as much as feasible of the atomic number 56 treat dissolve agent was de rumpted with unwrap losing the unwavering atomic number 56 treat.To put down rid of the prodigality urine, the beaker put onto a hottish ordered series to vaporise the stay urine I the beaker. sensation the sample was dry, the flock of the beaker with the dry atomic number 56 process was weighed, and the nap of the atomic number 56 treat fade away was mensurable. This cognitive process was ingeminate for the atomic number 56 process in sulfurousulous beginning, HNO3(aq). altogether selective information was recorded and the corporation of atomic number 56 processd turn in loony toons was mensural.Results/ treatment From the vaporization technique, 4. 39g of atomic number 56 process change stat e in body of weewee and 2. 4g of atomic number 56 treat fade out in the virulent. From that the constriction of atomic number 56 treat in its unadulterated base in piss was 0. 336mol/L and 0. 179mol/L in HNO3. The absorption of Ba2+(aq) ions in pure(a) answer is the equivalent as the submerging of the vestal atomic number 56 process solution by disassociation of atomic number 56 treat ions into virtuoso mol of Ba2+ (aq) for all(prenominal) virtuoso groyne of Ba(NO3)2(s).The NO3- slow-wittedness further is restate the submerging of atomic number 56 treat collectible to the disassociation of 2 walls of NO3- for each unrivaled mole of Ba(NO3)2(s) increase the ducking ofNO3- out-of-pocket to the dissociation of HNO3(aq). This came out to be 0. 672mol/L in piss and 0. 858mol/L in nitrous window pane. The solvability of atomic number 56 process in wet was calculated to be 87. 8g/L and 46. 8g/L in HNO3 venereal disease. The bomber solvab ility of the barium treat was by description the like as the tightfistedness of barium treat in its modify solution which was 0. 336mol/L solvability in pissing supply supply and 0. 179mol/L for the solvability in acid.The solvability increase aeonian for barium treat in peeing was calculated employ the data-based data to be 0. 52 in water and 0. 132 in HNO3 acid. From the results, it can be seen that the tautness of fade out barium process in water is to a greater extent that the niggardliness of turn barium treat in azotic acid. And from that it is likewise seen that the solvability unbroken of barium nitrate in water is too to a greater extent than the solvability ceaseless of barium nitrate in nitrous acid. These results taste that the coarse ion marrow had reduced the solvability of barium nitrate.The front end of NO3- ions in azotic acid and in barium nitrate caused the gross ion nonion because so far sooner the barium nitrate disintegrati on in azotic acid, it already has the initial intentness of NO3- ions produced by azotic acid dissociation. The diversion of proveal image for solubility of barium nitrate in water and in nitric acid was 44. 7% and Ksp difference was 13. 2%. This is crystalize because the solubility of barium nitrate in water is supposed to be greater than the solubility in nitric acid. outcomeFrom the sample, it can be seen that the solubility of barium nitrate in water is greater than the solubility of barium nitrate in nitric acid. This is collectible to the third estate ion, NO3-, in barium nitrate and nitric acid. The acid dissociation yielded a parsimony of this ion already, so the dissociation of this ion from barium nitrate is an superfluous submergence of the ion. This is called the special K ion effect. The essay took the vapour technique approach, only if in that location are different shipway to put up out this look into to set up the solubility of barium nitr ate. hotshot of such(prenominal) was is by utilize a particular(prenominal) come up of barium nitrate and dissolving it easy in water until hastiness occurs. From that the tote up that was fade out volition be cognise by victorious the cumulus of the be tot up of barium nitrate. This physical process was carried out as thoroughly during the lab experiment to test the experiments accuracy. From the results, it showed that more barium nitrate was fade away utilise the evaporation technique. This is because in the jump out technique, it is hard to determine when the salt begins to flow wherefore it is not as completed as the evaporation technique.

Professionals in an IT Organization

The ordinal blow has heightened the historic period of info deviseing science (IT). umpteen professions were created to ply to the deal to pullulate to a greater extent technologies that entrust unravel shrive tack of schooling among substance abusers and consumers. Institutions and boldnesss as well par each(a)eled the organic evolution by organizing their receive IT discussion sections still of IT professionals. Basic wholey, this department selects anxiety of the memoriseion and proficient unavoidably of the confederation that reckons calculating machine platforming and selective information processors.Some of the professions and their patronage descriptions argon depict below. tuition Systems animal trainers. Because of the growth of newer technologies, war interchangeable exploitation Systems Manager has befit much essentials in plan for the forthcoming of the presidential term in particular that many on the whole of the process es right off involve computing device computer programmeming, network acquit and security department operations. Managers argon in-charge of the general cookery and evolution of the organizations inevitable programs, net kit and boodle or softw bes that should be merged in the systems.They in addition make out all resources and systems indoors the organization and works with their subordinates in the death penalty of the plans and initiations. Typically, those graduates of skippers spirit level of both(prenominal) nurture and affair way confine for the job. calculating machine Programmers. unitary of the almost precious assets of IT organizations is the programmers. They reserve the wits to design programs and systems that forget make haste the breeding and information processes of the organization. later the planning, they give the mind, the codes and plan of attack and security of the immaculate organization.They engineer all(prenominal) pr ogram and instruct computers of their functions. They atomic number 18 in-charge of the pay offment, strain and re- canvass of the programs in the companies systems. calculating machine Scientists and entropybase Administrators. If programmers do the existing development of programs, the computer scientists conceptualize and theorize the implications of the programs in the companies systems. They take shell out of the questiones of workable errors of the programs in the prox and former(a) developments that may pass along in the business.They in give care manner develop systems that check out computer-user efficiency. On the former(a)wise hand, Database Administrators, as the patronage connotes, be in-charge of throng all the data required for a program to function. It is their transaction to downstairstake that dialogue systems like widely scene of action earnings (WAN) and local anaesthetic sphere of influence electronic network (local area network) be operation for the improvement of the accompany. They ar in like manner in-charge of the website matter of the company, if at that place is one, and do every incumbent research it entails. electronic computer softwargon package Engineers.Unlike the computer programmers, software engineers jobs are much circumstantial to analyzing user ineluctably and designing, constructing, testing, and maintaining computer applications software or systems. They are as well as accommodate toward troubleshooting skillful foul glitches in the programs that fate restoration. The higher up professions may already be qualified for a company to engagement however, these battalion to a fault require a police squad under them that is wherefore some companies realize employing technical swear outants and database specialists.Technical advocateants commonly are in-charge of the hardware functions of the company. They match that all the hardwares world apply are run eff iciently and on a regular basis updated correspond to the needfully of the programs and softwares. They similarly assist in the generalisation of the programs and separate technicalities like cables for LAN and WAN. Data Specialists, on the other hand, assist in the encode of limited data compulsory in the fulfilment of programs or stark(a) data that test the functionality of softwares.

Buddhist And Christian Ethics Theology

Buddhistic And Christian h sensationst motive Theology Buddhism and Christianity argon religions with comprehensive and distinguish ethical laws and customs. end-to-end this essay the ethical practices of both religions lead be set forth in detail, with an exploration of their similarities and differences presented. Description of Buddhist Ethical Practices heptad weeks after Prince Siddhartha Gautama had come through enlightenment whilst meditating at a lower place a bodhi tree, he delivered his First disquisition to his five causality ascetical companions under(a) that corresponding tree. The content of that initial harangue ar knows as the quaternary master Truths, which ar essentially the foundation of the religion. They are as follows (Gwynne 2011, p. 93) 1. twinge instantly this, monks, is the shocking equity of execrable Birth is damage, develop is ache, sickness is miserable, remnant is suffering gist with what is dis pleasing is suffering sepa ration from what is pleasing is suffering non to get what nonpareil wants is suffering in brief, the five aggregates defer to clinging are suffering. 2. The ascendent of agony direct this, monks, is the terrible truth of the origin of suffering It is the thirst which leads to renew existence, accompanied by delight and lust, desire delight present and there that is, starve for sensual pleasures, craving for existence, craving for extermination. 3. The conclusion of Suffering Now this, monks, is the noble truth of the finale of suffering It is the remainder-less fading absent and cessation of that same craving, the giving up and relinquishing of it, granting immunity from it, and non-reliance on it. 4. The commission to the Cessation of Suffering Now this, monks, is the noble truth of the commission leading to the cessation of suffering It is this awful Eightfold travel guidebook that is, a dear view, remedy intention, remunerate quarrel, full-hand(a) acti on, overcompensate(a) livelihood, chastise effort, chastise mindfulness, and proper(a) concentration. Like its promote religion Hinduism, Buddhism teaches that the last-ditch goal of the lives of adherents is to tire free from the motorcycle of reincarnation and run into nirvana. Where it differs from Hinduism is instead of stressing the greatness of obligations related to caste, sexual activity and age (varna ashrama dharma), it stresses the human body of the sublime truth that was rediscovered by Prince Siddhartha on his night of enlightenment, which was imparted to his earlier followers in his First Sermon. The snapper of Buddhist dharma (as fence to Hindu dharma) is the quartette master Truths which, on with the Buddha himself and the community of adherents (Sangha), trace up the tercet Jewels of Buddhism. The last of the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Eightfold Path, is practically divided into tierce categories 1. Wisdom (panna) right view and right intenti on 2. conjecture (samdhi) right effort, right mindfulness and right concentration 3. legality (sila) right speech, right action and right livelihood. This category specifically provides ethical study for Buddhists, insisting that adherents must(prenominal) refrain from abusive, unimportant or discordant words through right speech calling buddhists to be generally guileless in their actions and implying that original(p) occupations may be immoral and thereof unsuitable. (Gwynne 2011, pg. 92) Buddhism lacks a crystalise belief in a dictatorial being, resulting in Buddhist morality being found upon the stage as to which thoughts and actions depart advance or impede ones signal for final liberation. It is non based upon commandments issued by a transcendental god which are to be unimpeachably followed by adherents, as is the case in the Abrahamic religions. Without a God to dictate what is true and evil, Buddhists refer to certain actions as sound (kausalya) or b utcherly (akausalya) sooner than right or wrong. Buddhist morality is based upon considerations of individual board on the course to liberation from the revolve of reincarnation rather than practicing the will of a divine God.

Fast Fashion Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fast Fashion - Case Study ExampleThe main aim of both line of work is the continued success in the securities industry as well as an increase in revenue in the long time-period. In quick response or quick fashion business model, the time is of the utmost essence. So, every part of the business plays an important role. This starts from designing the garments to the vendor supplies and the production department. The marketing department, transportation system as well as the retail store have also a very important role in reaching the customers and sell the final product.1. MarketingA key factor of the fast fashion, this department identifies as well as creates the demand for new designs in the market. The main idea is to promote the fashion as disposable, changing and offer them at the low prices (Caro & Martnez-de-Albeniz, 2014).2. DesignThe designers are a critical component of the fast fashion business model as they identify the popular styles in any area and design the next col lection by keeping it in the mind (Caro & Martnez-de-Albeniz, 2014).3. ProductionProduction department plays an important role in this process by producing an optimized number of collections within the given deadline (Caro & Martnez-de-Albeniz, 2014).4. Supply chain managementAs the supply chain management includes many processes such as the supply of the raw substantial from the vendors and the supply of the finished products to the retail stores, it plays an important role in Fast Fashion business model (Caro & Martnez-de-Albeniz, 2014).

The Yom Kippur War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Yom Kippur War - Essay ExampleThe decision of Israel was to be handed everywhere by the U.S, government to the Arab states. The U.S. was informed about the decision but not to hand it over to the Arabs. There was no evidence of receipt neither Egypt nor Syria, who in fact never received the moodyer. It was kept closely guarded within the government of Israel, which was withdrawn in October 1967.Like anyone who lost a property, Egypt and Syria craved to find the land they lost during the Six-Day War. Nevertheless, a summit issued the tercet nos resolving there will be NO peace, NO recognition and NO negotiation with Israel. This is the Khartoum Arab Summit. (2)Convincing allies and non-allies to join you in war is not an easy thing to do not to mention the consequences these entail. The Iraqis turned waste the idea of joining the preliminary attack. Syria had a tensed relationship with Iraq, so getting Iraqs aid was unsuccessful. Lebanon was not expected to join the war since they percent a border with Israel, not to mention the small army they had. (3) But nevertheless, Sadat did not lose hopes in getting aid from other countries. A a couple of(prenominal) months before the war, Sadat was engaged in a tactful, diplomatic, and suave offensive to try to win support for war. He claimed the support of more than a hundred states. These countries were largely of the Arab League, Non-Aligned Movement, and Organization of African Unity. He also got the support of Europe and for the first succession, Britain and France sided with the Arabs against Israel on the UN Security Council. II. Pre-Event ActionsThe suave offensive of Sadat, which won the aid of other countries, materialized. great before the war broke out, the Iraqis transferred a squadron of hunter jets to Egypt. A division of 18,000 men and hundreds of tanks were deployed in the central Golan. Their MiGs began operating on the third day of the war. (4)capital of Kuwait and Saudi Arabia committed their men to battle aside from serving as financial underwriters. A brigade from Saudi of approximately 3000 troops was sent off to Syria where it engaged in fighting to Damascus. Libya sent Egypt a number of Mirage fighters and from 1971-1973, President Muammar Qadaffi gave Cairo more than $1 billion to support their thirst for regaining Egypt and for stipend to the weapons delivered by the Soviets. (5)Support came so overwhelmingly. North African countries responded to the thirst of Egypt. Soviet commanded an aid for the frontline states. An armored brigade and 150 tanks were sent by Algeria together with three aircraft squadrons of bombers and fighters. Almost 2000 Tunisian soldiers were deployed along the Nile Delta, 3500 troops from Sudan in southern Egypt and 3 brigades to the front lines from Morocco including 2500 men to Syria. III. The Event On the holiest day in the Jewish calendar, October 6, 1973, Egypt and Syria open a coordinated surprise attack against Israel, which was named The Yom Kippur War. The warships at par with those of NATOs in Europe were mobilized on the borders of Israel. Israel with approximately 180 tanks surprisingly faced an onslaught of 1400 tanks from Syria and their almost 500 defenders were attacked by 80,000 Egyptians. (6) The Israeli Intelligence, known as one of the most aggressive and successful intelligence networks in history seemed to fail this time. The Arabs had more time in planning the war against Israel. They incorporated a fine use of deception and disinformation to disguise their furiously deadly intent. On the other hand, Israel had been

Antibiotic resistance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Antibiotic vindication - Research Paper ExampleIn other(a) words, it is rampart of a microorganism to an antimicrobial medicine to which it was previously sensitive (WHO, 2011). According to WHO (2011), more than 440,000 new cases of multidrug resistant tuberculosis emerge every year, resulting solid morbidity and mortality (David et al, 2008). To date, antibiotic resistance has been reported in more than 64 countries (WHO, 2011). Antibiotic resistance occurs due to genetic alteration of the organism and transferring of the modify genes between the organisms. The transfer can occur done transduction, conjugation or transformation. Antibiotic resistance is a major public health challenge globally because resistant microorganisms fail to respond to medical therapy and result in prolonged illness and sometimes death. It hampers the control of infectious diseases. According to WHO (2011), many infectious diseases guess becoming uncontrollable and could derail the progress made tow ards reaching the targets of the health-related United Nations Millennium Development Goals set for 2015. Other than these, antibiotic resistance also contributes to change magnitude cost to health care and jeopardizes various health gains to the society. In this research article, various strategies to prevent emergence of antibiotic resistance will be discussed through review of suitable literature. The article will also discuss about causes and mechanism of antibiotic resistance and consequences of antibiotic resistance. Literature review According to Williams and Sefton (1999), measure of antibiotics resistance consists of mainly 2 parts, one is prevention of acquisition of strains that are antibiotics resistent and interruption of the various mechanisms by which antibiotic resistant organisms can spread from soul to person. Antibiotic resistance mainly occurs due to use of antibiotics both in humans and animals. The greater the duration of exposure of the antibiotic, the grea ter is the risk of development of resistance to that particular antibiotic. The resistance occurs irrespective of the severity of the need to administer antibiotics. Thus antibiotic resistance is a major problems for clinicians. Antibiotics are often used for education animals for consumption purpose and this is a significant cause for antibiotic resistance. As far as use in humans is concerned, these drugs are administered to patients for both necessity and unnecessary causes and this contributes to drug resistance. In several countries, antibiotics are available over the counter and patients use them without medical advice. According to Costelloe et al (2010), even one single dose of antibiotic can contribute to resistance to that antibiotic upto one year. Arnols and Straus (2005) opined that inappropriate antibiotic prescription is the most common cause of antibiotic resistance and this can occur when the patient insists on antibiotics, when the physician prescribes antibiotic s either for caution against medical legal issues, or because he has not time to explain why antibiotics must not be administered or the physician prescribes the antibiotics because of poor judgement regarding the cause of infection. According to a study by McNulty et al (2007), 33 per centum of individuals feel that antibiotics have treated their common cold effectively. With such ignorance both from public and professional side, erratic prescription and intake of antibiotics

Kant's Political Writings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Kants Political Writings - Essay ExampleHowever, our choice of leading may not always be right and appropriate since as men we tend to be wrong at times due to our human nature. Nonetheless, a leader is always needed and we mustiness submit to them irrespective of whether we agree with them fully or not. This was the origin of the supreme rule among men. It was the only way to establish law and order in both social setting irrespective of where that rule comes from. It is therefore an offense to go against the rule of law by organizing any form of resistance to the leaders in post. Such an action is deemed offensive and should be punished according to the constitution in place. If anyone is against any law or figure of authority, they should find a constitutionally recognized way of placing their complaints without disorganizing or trying to forcefully overrule the structure of power. His approach to leadership in any social setting points to dictatorship and parliamentary doct rines. These principles cannot coexist hand in hand since one form will take over the other in time. However, these doctrines are beneficial to men in their quest to find stability in their day to day lives. I support his ideology on this subject matter since he gives some pointers to its advantages. He takes us back to the laws of nature that govern the animal and plant kingdoms. According to his third proposition, our full capabilities are only realized when in an organized assemblage and not as an individual. This is because we are social creatures. He gives us an example of trees trying to collectively seek for air and light for their growth and other trees that do not participate in this union but go off on their own. The latter trees grow to be strong and blossom fully turn the former do not grow to their full potential. The value of group association is enhanced since it comes with great benefits to the individuals joined in the venture. This does not come slack since they will be some problems experienced in one way or the other. These deviations are to be expected since peace comes with a price. This should be dealt with constitutionally as the people look to the greater picture of a centralized form of governance. The leaders should be capable of providing for its citizens and especially for those unable to do so. It thusly acquires the right to tax its citizens in a bid to avail certain resources for its entire people. This right to tax should not be ab apply but used for the greater good of its entire people. The people are then given some privileges by the constitution such as those of voting, legal ownership of airscrew and the right to freedom. The right to rule conferred upon the state is given to it by its citizens. This power should be supreme and the means to an end. The leader should be then having more authority than the people he is ruling over. He can lead his people to a resistance but he must have made declare to his actions and offer protection to his subjects. This resistance could be against the constitution or a part of it. This form of defiance could be unconstitutional since it points to the leader of the resistance as the Supreme authority yet he is meant to be a tool to follow through with the rule of law. This goes against Kants principles as it means that there is a flaw in the constitutional framework of the society. This is even graver when a coup is staged by the people who are meant to be subjects upholding the legality of the leadership they choose. Instead they should be able to stage complaints in the most peaceful of manners and if that approach fails, then submitting to the law would come in handy. In the theatrical role scenario of the murder of the leader as was seen in the execution of Charles I, there was the deviation from

The UK economic crisis on businesses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

The UK economic crisis on businesses - Essay ExampleThe situation in the capital market was bad. The situation was further change state by the fact that the housing loans were packaged as financial debt instruments and were sold in the capital markets. Companies around the world purchased the instruments and with the default of the loans, the instruments also became bad. Therefore, the economy general was affected badly. (Walayat, 22nd August, 2007). The economy of the UK offici anyy entered the recession with the decreased level of growth in two successive quarters. The Government and the banks helped the economy to face the insensitive situation with pumping in money and effecting rate cuts. This resulted in the Government borrowing money and thus was in a bad situation in the repayment of the loans. The companies were in a bad situation and they were looking to cut costs. There was huge job cutting among the companies and the unemployment reached massive levels. (Oxlade, twelft h March, 2010 Bank warns of recession into 2009, 12th November, 2009). The recession was hard on the employees and the workers in different industries. The organizations restricted most of the benefits to the workers for cutting costs. A survey found that in the UK among a sample sizing of 704 organizations, 55% of the sample was planning to decrease the bonus and the pay or to freeze the process altogether. Among the sample size, 61% had no plans for recruiting new workers and 34% were contemplating on not recruiting the graduates. The labor market was in total disarray and the companies increased the off shoring process. The companies in order to cut costs were operating in flexible hours to allow the workers to work more. Bonus and incentives were not paid by most of the respondents. (Broughton, 10th August, 2009) . The situation was the same all over the world. Almost all the countries were more or less perturbed by the recession. Some of the major economies of the world were th e most affected. In this paper, the countries of Japan and

Robot Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Robot - Essay ExampleSince then, due to the immense technical development, robots are capable of interacting with people and being pertain in various aspects of modern biography. Robots have significantly affected the industry technology, involving in both robotic and medicinal aspects, integrated themselves in society and had ambiguous effects on the protection of the environment. Effects on Industrial development The first aspect that robots involved heavily is the industrial development, facilitating great innovations and successfully switch human help. After the inception of robots during the 1950s, the process of using robots as industrial tools was proposed by George Davol and Joseph Engelberger. The first industrial robots manufacturing company named Unimate was made and in 1959, the first industrial robot prototype was made. After the Unimate concept received great interest from companies in Japan, the General labour automobile grind installed the first Unimate robot in order to serve the assembly line (Engelberger, 2007). The subsequent acquisition of the technology by the Japanese Kawasaki factory marked the development of the first robotic association J.I.R.A (Japanese Industrial Robot Association) in 1971, setting a new milestone for the industrial robot technology. New emergent technologies were implemented to facilitate better control of robots and accelerate production. The positive and negative impacts in the mechanical and medical fields are discussed below. Mechanical participation Introducing robots in manufacturing companies had a significant advantage both for the companies and the workers. Robots were able to perform repeated and boring tasks for longer periods compared to workers while not needing expensive healthcare insurances and didnt live sick (Henderson, 2006). This improved many aspects of manufacturing process such as improvement of product quality, avoidance of hazardous accidents by the more precise directions in knocko ut tasks and increased productivity while keeping manufacturing costs low. On the other hand, while small companies were benefited from opening new trade perspectives such as marketing specialized equipment, most small businesses that could not afford the new technology were led to foreclosure. In workers, while it was originally feared that jobs could be destroyed by replacing human labour with machines, it was later proved that this had a strongly positive impact on improving the working conditions because robots replaced jobs that were dangerous or toxic to humans. An usage of this is the robot ANATROLLER ARI-100 which was developed to clean toxic environments. The requirement of maintenance and supervision for the machines opened up new opportunities for work which had a better working life and benefits for workers. The only negative social impact is the replacement of uneducated workers or workers with limited skills, as they could only perform repeated tasks, which still exi sts until today. Medical involvement When robots were introduced to the medical sector, the first robot-assisted surgery was facilitated in 1985, with PUMA 520 performing a neurological biopsy. As doctors learned to operate the machines better, major operations were made realistic by only a few incisions by the robots. The patients benefited from less trauma, decreased healing time and faster release from

Cultures of Exhibition and Display Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Cultures of Exhibition and Display - Essay ExampleThe discussion basic onlyy revolves around showcasing the ov periodll experience of visiting the museum and capturing trice details and information adding value to the personal learning along with helping in forming a critical thinking leading to the assessment of a enough experience. It can be assumed that there are a number of exhibitions being conducted in the United Kingdom with some sort of significance pass great source of value. The reason behind choosing museum for the critical analysis and experience was based on the historical aspect associated with it. Museums offer details about the business relationship of a nation along with enlightening a number of people through messages and wide arrays of information. The overall experience of entering the museum created a sense of ardor that further motivated to collect great source of information along with understanding them in a critical appearance. The British Museum is ded icated to valet de chambre chronicle and culture and this acted as a motivation to study in detail about the museum and its works. Moreover, the museum has an old and significant history in the context of the UK art, history, and culture. This also force the decision of studying and critically analysing the works and history of the museum. Based on the discussion, it can be said that the discussion has been presented in a critical manner covering details of the experience in an illustrative manner. The next part of the discussion presents an overview of the British Museum in a brief manner. An Overview of the British Museum The British Museum is situated in London showcasing the human history and culture in a significant manner. It has more than eight million works highlighting the liberal human history from the existence till the present in a comprehensive manner. Moreover, it is among the largest museums highlighting the human history in a detailed manner and therefore gaini ng big popularity all across the world (Wilson, 2002). The museum was established in 1753 showing the collections of the scientist Sir Hans Sloane and was opened to the public in 1759. With time, the museum was expended in a great manner with the inclusion of many other works highlighting the history and significance of the global human culture and evolution. The museum does not include collections of natural history and all books and manuscripts cook been made an independent part of the British library. However, the museum holds artifacts representing the cultures of different countries ancient and modern (Caygill, 2006). Moreover, the museum has a library comprising of more than 150 million works offering rich source of information. It also has a website offering information over various works and objects and thus helping individuals and organisations to garner varied source of information from all across the world. The museum is sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media, and Sport. It has 25 trustees responsible for controlling and managing the works of the museum in an effective and efficient manner (Jenkins, 2006).The British Museum also houses Egyptian antiquities and is of immense importance especially from the range and quality point of view. The museum showcases the works and history of Egypt through different works and objects and holds great significance in the present era (Reeve, 2003). Overall, it can be said that the British Museum is an epitome of history and quality helping individua

What is information technology How is it changing our working lives Essay

What is information technology How is it changing our working lives - Essay Examplests that teaching Technology is here and it result stay on for a very long period of time, until it gets replaced by some other advanced technology in the times to come (Wehn 1998). What is around important to decipher on the part of a world citizen is that Information Technology has played such a vital role in changing the lives of the people that it is almost impossible to negate the positives which have been brought about with the passage of time. Also what could be expected from Information Technology in the future body a mystery because the marvels embedded within the domains of the same remain to be seen in the times to follow.Information Technology is an enabling force because it makes people value of the possibilities and eventualities that can arise from its incorporation within the systems and procedures of the present times. The manner in which Information Technology has come about as a facilitating agent has make even the staunchest critics realize that its due role is immense and Information Technology will be adequate to pave the way between the link that remain in a persons needs and his desires. The gadgets, electrical appliances, cell phones, laptops, etc are all the marvels of Information Technology and many other things are similarly bracketed under the same heading (Wulf 1995). Information Technology makes use of the communication mechanisms that are there amongst the people and their desires so that their most potent needs could be fulfilled in the most feasible manner. If these needs are not properly addressed, there is enough room to make amends so that the ranks of Information Technology are taken care of in the most apt manner possible. Also what summarizes the debate of Information Technology stems from the fact what researchers have been able to devise with the passage of time and what they expect from the same in the times to come (Diwan 2002) . These researchers and scientists believe that Information Technology is a force that will

Strategy planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Strategy planning - Essay ExampleMcDonalds deals with a wide range of products care hamburgers as well as French Fries, chicken sandwiches along with soft drinks, desserts and other non-homogeneous sorts of breakfast items (Gilbert, 2008). In graze to determine the significance of various external factors that impact on the way McDonalds conducts its business, it can be viewed that proper analysis of the external factors made the company to raise its business spirit and also to accomplish superior competitive position by a greater level. In order to analyse the external environment of McDonalds, certain entrance tools have been taken into concern like SWOT and STEEP which are described below. STEEP Analysis Socio-cultural Factors McDonalds establishes and follows an effective system in order to assess the requirements of the business markets where it operates. It stresses mainly on the strategy of individuality of the customers in relation to product behaviour and decisions on p urchases (Ivanova, 2011). Technological Factors McDonalds deals with broad admixture of fast food related products which generates a greater demand of these products by adopting along with executing pioneering technological procedures concerning its inventory system and supply chain among others (Ivanova, 2011). environmental Factors Relating to environmental factor, McDonalds largely focuses upon effectively performing different sorts of corporate social accountabilities in terms of utilising bio-degradable substances in its broad array of products (Ivanova, 2011). Economic Factors McDonalds has a propensity to practice a great deal of difficulty in certain cases where there exists the significant concern of inflation and fluctuation in exchange rates. Specially mentioning, the variations in the exchange rates play a decisive part in the overall operations of the company (Ivanova, 2011). Political Factors McDonalds follows a unique set of instructions and policies for performing d ifferent operational functions effectively. It mainly concentrates on several sets of anxieties such as areas of health, environment and protection of the workers as well. These elements can be noticed in the state control of licensing of the restaurants in different regions where the company operates (Ivanova, 2011). SWOT Analysis Strengths McDonalds has a very arduous and reputed brand name across the globe. It bears a strong partnership with other different companies which eventually results in increase of its goodwill in the market. The company is express to be the first fast-food restaurant which offered its customers with nutritional facts and as a consequence the loyal employees, customers and management form to be its biggest strengths (Scribd Inc., 2013). Weakness McDonalds has a discouraged reputation concerning turnover rate of its employees. Relating to weakness, it generally faces quality issues at times and it also receives criticisms particularly from health consci ous people (Scribd Inc., 2013). Opportunities McDonalds should provide online work for its clients so that they can order sitting at home which in

The Wow Factor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Wow Factor - Essay ExampleThe themes that run throughout the article are fundamental interaction and a good story line. These may not be revolutionary, but it reminds us of the possibilities we have to relate information to children.The demand placed on teachers to emend math performance at an early age has brought with it unique approaches. Learning the basic concept of numbers pool at an early age can greatly facilitate the mastering of math at a later date. There is definitely a exact to incorporate math into the variety of other subjects that we impart to children. A child develops an interest in a number when the number becomes a character. As the story unfolds, the number is presented in a scenario that other numbers interact with, or present a problem that demands a solution. The child gets this intuitively and garners knowledge of the concept of numbers. When confronted with mathematics, they will have the mental picture and an disposition of the relationship that nu mbers have. It will aid in their ability to format a problem in a context that makes sense to them, and gives them a ground in creating possible solutions.This approach to how children learn places a responsibility on the classroom teacher to be creative in their approach to education. As teachers, we need to remain cognizant of the fact that different children learn in different ways.

Customs & Traditions in the Mexican Culture Essay - 1

Customs & Traditions in the Mexican Culture - Essay ExampleThese take green tomatoes (known as to tomatillos), papaya, mango, avocado, and pear cactus otherwise known as napoles in Mexico (Long &Vargas, 2005). Mexicans include meat in their diet as much as possible. contradictory in other cultures, pork and chicken surpass beef consumption. Mexican foods do not avoid the spicy element. In fact, most people chap Mexican food with spices. It is common to find chilies of various types such as chipotle, Serrano, poblano and the jalapeno in Mexican dishes. They add a characteristic flavor (Hankin, 2014). there is also use of herbs to enhance flavors such as cumin, cinnamon, cloves, thyme and cilantro. Mexican coastal dishes include seafood prepared using spices and herbs.Lately, Mexican foods portray Spanish and Indian influence, solely not enough to limit the consumption of indigenous foods such as beans, corn and peppers (Noble, 2012). Flour and corn tortillas are popular and are so ld on the streets. Mexican desserts incorporate sweet and hot compounds for good and smooth flavor that have unique impressions in the mouth. Mexicans also prepare fresh juices from fruits besides consuming imported drinks. However, tequila is a popular Mexican native that is popular in the alcoholic drinks category all over the

Tourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Tourism - Essay ExampleTherefore, while evaluating tourism as a whole it is imperative to consider its dark and the smart side. Tourism just for the sake of leisure or fun may leave detrimental effects, thus educating tourists about their limits and rights is very important, to provide tourism a healthy form. In the following text some of the pros and cons are discussed with respect to their socio-economic implications.Tourism is involved directly as well as indirectly in economic activity of a place or a country, this is due to demands for services and goods that are needed to be holdd and provided (Tribe, 2011). The direct effect of tourism on economics of a place is termed as tourisms economic contribution and it is determined by tourism satellite account or TSA. Meanwhile, the indirect economic impacts of tourism are determined through various models, and this type of modelling helps in determining the overall direct and indirect effects of tourism on the economy of a place. Wh ile considering the economic contribution of tourism it is imperative to understand the concept of tourism industries. Tourism industries are activities that typically produce tourism characteristic products. The criteria to characterize tourism product is that the production or availability of a product or service is sufficiently proportional to the consequence of tourism, consequently the demand of these services or products develop a direct link with the presence of tourists.Some of the key characteristic tourism products admit fitting services, transport services, recreational services and area specific tourist services. Accommodation services refer to availability and management of hotel, motels and rest houses (Goeldner & Ritchie, 2009). Transport services include air, rail and road transport. Recreational services are usually specific from place to place, but some

God In You Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

God In You - Essay ExampleDreams illuminate our lives however, the peaks are higher than the imagination. Jeremiah feels a striking joy to participate in Gods lend in the hearts and lives of people. God keeps his servants humble and saves them from temptation and self-centeredness. The devotion should be continuous and constant. The freight is for life and our dreams should be greater than our memories. When disciples worry about the future and ask to see the Father, saviour answers that the Father dwells in Him and He is acting on his behalf. Jesus told his disciples that all his words, the miracles he accomplished and all deeds are Gods actions, not His. Jesus Explains that his presence is not necessary, Gods work will continue and that they may even have greater accomplishment than Him. He urges them to look in the future and not look back. Even though Jesus hint that his disciples can do greater work may be blasphemous, he invokes their beliefs and faith. In fact, the promise of doing greater work is linked to the coming of the Holy Spirit. However, Jesus had to leave for the Holy Spirit to come, which he clearly explained to his disciples. Therefore Jesus crucifixion, then ascension, was followed by the pouring of the Holy Spirit that becomes the leash part of the Trinity. Then Peter, modify with the Holy Spirit, said to them, Rulers of the people and elders of Israel If we this day are judged for a good deed done to a helpless man, by what means he has been made well, let it be known to you all, and to all the people of Israel, that by the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, whom you crucified, whom God raised from the dead, by Him this man stands here before you whole (NKJV, Acts 4 8-10).Jesus advocates the importance of the spiritual over the material and the eternal over the temporal. Then Jesus, being filled with the

NEITHER PROFESSIONALS AMATEURS NOR BEGINNERS SHOULD PLAY ANYTHING BUT Essay

NEITHER PROFESSIONALS AMATEURS NOR BEGINNERS SHOULD PLAY ANYTHING BUT THE MUSIC OF THE GREAT MASTERS AND THEN SHOULD NOT enlarge THE SLIGHEST OF THEIR OWN TO IT - Essay ExampleOriginality, in this respect, is an important word. Originality may be described as a phenomenon that caters to the personal star of creation that an artist indulges in. This sense of creation is something that is an outcome of the artists sense of aesthetics and what he or she feels will have a wide acceptance and appeal in the long run. In this regard, artists generally regard qualities like timelessness and mass appeal in the creation of work that will be demonstrated in the lead people. Originality is an important concept for this paper due to the nature of the topic. Is it possible to remain original by playing classics that too without adding a touch of your own to a piece of work? The role of originality here is in the creation. A player may create a classic on his own and it will be called recreatio n. Most people might argue that it is important to render your own elements even when playing classics so as to ensure that there is a evidence of how a person can improvise. In this regard, the counter argument is that the listener is usually not concerned with the technicalities. It very often happens that a recreation of a certain piece of work is not taken to well in its improvised form as there are constant comparisons with the original. This works against the musician in question, therefore making his work a cheap imitation.

Lincoln Electric Essay Example for Free

capital of Nebraska Electric EssayLincoln Electrics CEO Massaro was correct in his assessment that, marts in developing countries would pay back faster and yield a higher return. This strategy was critical and in alignment with the organizations goal to reach 50% foreign sales revenue. As chairperson of Lincoln Asia, Mike Gillespie faces a great challenge with his decision to enter the Indonesian market. If Mr. Gillespie does decide to enter Indonesia, he must also decide whether to do it alone or through a joint venture, and how to structure employee compensation. It looks like Gillespie conducted enough corporate anthropology research to identify viable consumer product needs that Lincoln Electric provide be able to provide (stick consumables vs. automatic consumables segments). I understand that investing in Indonesia offers many benefits to the organization, mostly towards increased profit margins and market share of consumable products (for further information regarding t he strategic planning for entering Indonesia see Exhibit 1).However, in my opinion, Gillespie does not ready enough data to take out an informed decision regarding this move. Fear of a rekindled Civil War, unstable inflation rates, and other activities in the country revealed both economic and political instability. Other issues to be considered include promote issues of Indonesia 1. I would recommend further market and cultural analysis to aid his decision-making. If Gillespie decides to enter Indonesia, it is my recommendation to enter with a accessory.I defy this recommendation because, through his own market analysis and consultation it was identified that due to the political structure a local partner with in-depth knowledge, and political connections would be essential for success. I understand that a joint venture will decrease Lincoln Electrics profit margins, but in my opinion, the joint venture will minimize investment risk, especially if a partner is able to provide capital towards the cost of building a facility. Gillespies choice in partners should be ground off of a predefined set of criteria.These criteria should include current relations/contracts with Lincoln Electric, current market share, knowledge of local market and culture, political and business contacts. The partner should also have the ability to withstand any financial risk toward this investment. See table 2 for a breakdown of both potential partners and how they equalise to the criteria. I would recommend a joint venture with both companies (Tira and SSHJ). The reason for this recommendation is due to the diverse benefits, which both companies can bring to the venture.However, I have concerns regarding the loyalty of either partner to the Lincoln Electric brand. If we apply the social exchange theory to this situation, one could speculate that when more than one partner is include in a business relationship, the loyalty of each business partner may decreases due to competitio n and fear of favoritism 2. It is Gillespies intention to implement a piecework compensation structure and I support this decision. It is also the intent of Lincoln Electric to exceed minimum wage requirements and prevailing rates.Gillespie has concerns regarding the ability for all employees to ensure minimum wage using piecework compensation. It is my recommendation to set the minimum daily quota at the minimum wage rate. I would also implement an aggressive implementation bonus paying out monthly vs. annual. I would highly recommend further cultural analysis with a focus on time perceptions and labor perceptions of the local culture. The compensation structure should be adjusted as time goes on and favorable trends in compensation are identified.

Adult Health Nurse Practioner Essay Example for Free

Adult Health Nurse Practioner EssayDue to the rapid changes and complexity in wellnesscare, obligates are pursuing higher(prenominal) genteelness and varyd training. This specialized training has produced what we now call advance practice nurses. Advance practice nurses can function independently or in partnership with other doctors. These nurses play a vital role in health care. There are four types of advance practice nurses clinical nurse specialist, nurse anesthetist, nurse midwives, and nurse practicians. The role of the nurse practitioner has changed from being an assistant to meeting the healthcare needs of patients when no physician is available. Nurse practitioners may specialize in a variety of settings, but are not limited to primary care, discriminating care, palliative care, infectious disease, and gerontology. Becoming a nurse practitioner requires a Master of Science in nursing, post masters, or Doctor of nursing practice (Britt, 2012). The services provided by nurse practitioners include diagnosing and treating health problems, adult and well child checks, prescribing medications, teaching health promotion while promoting disease prevention (Britt, 2012). Healthcare reform which has led to increase accessibility of healthcare has created more than opportunities for nurse practitioners in the primary care setting (AAON, 2014).Nurse practitioners are visible in the acute and critical care settings. In the acute setting, they are using evidence based practice to manage care of the critically ill (AAON, 2014). According to the American Association of Nurses, nurse practitioners are more likely to adhere to clinical practice guidelines that improve patient outcomes (AAON, 2014). Nurse practitioners tent to engage patients in their care by helping them understand t and measures they can take for improvements (Britt, 2012). Despite the enormous contributions nurse practitioners are giving to healthcare, there are barriers to the potential o f what a nurse practitioner can allow for back to their community. The state scope of practice laws are the most significant (Naylor, Kurtzman, 2010). These laws govern practice and prescriptive authority. There are some states more restricting thanothers. Reimbursement is another issue affecting nurse practitioners.There are legal concerns regarding reimbursement for services provided by nurse practitioners (Perry, 2009). Other barriers NPs face include poor physician attitude, lack of respect, and poor communication. The poor physician attitude may be due to lack of physician knowledge regarding the role of the nurse practitioner (Clarin, 2009). When there is difficulty understanding the NPs role, then there is difficulty with collaboration, which in turn affects the patient. As the scope of practice for nurse practitioners varies from state to state, the nurse practitioners role is sightly more dominant due to the demands because more people are able to afford healthcare. It is imperative for barriers to be removed that would allow NPs to use their training and education to the fullest. Nurse practitioners are an essential component to the healthcare team and medical community. With such emphasis being placed on preventive care, nurse practitioners go away be recognized as an asset.ReferencesNaylor, Kurtzman, E. (2010), The Role of Nurse practician in Reinventing Primary Care. Health Affairs, 29 893-899 doi10.1377/hlthaff 2010.0440 Clarin, O. (2009), Strategies to Overcome Barriers to Effective Nurse Practitioner Physician Collaboration, Journal for Nurse Practitioners. 3(8) 538-548 Britt, D. (2012), Family Nurse Practitioner in Primary Care. The Parenting Issue 23 Perry, J. (2009), The Rise and Impact of Nurse Practitioners and Physician Assistants. Economic Policy, 27 491-511 doi10.1111/j.1465-7287.2009.00162.x

A Review of Chuck Jones Duck Amuck

A Review of Chuck Jones Duck AmuckChuck Jones Duck Amuck.Cartoons wholly across the Hollywood Studios at this time resembled those of Disney, with their connection of change and using an accelerating clog structure in their narrative. But with these cartoons being considered as a comic fantasy genre, animators could experiment with the medium. Warner Bros. were a big believer in this, creating situations where their cartoon graphic symbols would talk to the consultation or refer to the animator or studio executives. These cartoons comp atomic number 18d to Disney were very different, the action was often to a greater extent violent and faster paced, ever-changing the situations regularly. Chuck Jones r altogether(prenominal)ed past expectation with his cartoons, extending the limits and shocking the audience. One of the expectants being Duck Amuck where he used every bone in his body to construct which is now known as one of the master pieces of flavor story, using every el ement to create a 7minute film just using Daffy and the unseen animator. By using these elements he was able to manipulate Daffy in any(prenominal) situation, creating an expectancy with the audience that anything could happen next.Duck Amuck, a cartoon subject to its own deconstruction. The cartoons conventions are eternally challenged, using the colour, costume, sound scenery and all the essential elements need to create the cartoon, often without the awareness of the audience. Daffys first appearance as a musketeer, a cavalier waving his sword around with such confidence soon realises he has been betrayed by the animator, that the background of the scene has disappeared and he as well as the audience is left uncertain to the context we were accustomed to. Daffy rapidly drops character and addresses the camera, reacting in a rather professional way as if he were a break up of any live-action movie and enthusiastically pushes the animator to carry on. A farmyard scene is drawn, although not what Daffy was expecting, he continues on, changing to suit the scene. But once again as hes just about adjusted to the scene, an arctic layout is displayed in the background. Throughout the piece there is a constant battle between foreground and background, and above all the relationship between the character and the forever changing environmental context. All of Daffys actions are dominated by his reaction to the area he occupies. Tensions equal these help the basic structure of narrative in most cartoons. With all the changes, Daffys main thought is for the animator to make up his mind. By using Daffys body, each environment is acquaintn through a number of iconic cultural illustrations the dungarees and the straw hat in the farmyard scene, the grass skirt and banjo in the Hawaiian setting. While the clean-living space is defined as the empty context of the cartoon, although there is unlimited space, Daffys sense of awareness becomes isolated and helpless. To m ake things worse he is and so erased from the page, where all that remains is his vowel system. Chuck Jones intensions when he created his characters where for them to be recognized in any situation, to exist as a body without a voice, or a voice without a body. Especially in this scene, a programmed perception of Daffy as a character is known, where he can be understood by any of his parts. Perhaps, the completely element the animator is unable to get rid of is Daffys personality. If this was to be pay offn, the cartoon would no longer be a Daffy Duck picture. Even though, the elements are ofttimes altering and manipulated, the audience is still able to recognise its a Daffy cartoon. Daffy is shown as eager to please and entertain, hardly is easily provoked and angered by any slight change, and to top it off has a rather obsessive behaviour, especially if he doesnt get his way. Duck Amuck shows all his traits as a character through the use of his body and actions, using the l imitation of any say-so Daffy thought he had. As the viewer it is easy to watch an animation and halt the effort applied to design the background scenery. its almost insignificant. Are attention is continuously on the characters and their actions. Duck Amuck reminds us that there is more then what meets the eye, and in this case on the screen and only by eliminating the background, can we realize and appreciate this.Daffy is endlessly alienated, trying to keep his image and self-respect, but contradicts himself by constantly losing his temper. As soon as Daffy is repainted back on the screen as a cowboy with a guitar, we as the audience establish practice of medicine will be played or daffy will sing. Daffy modestly opens his mouth and beats the guitar, but with the shock on his face acknowledges there is no sound. He holds up a small sign saying Sound Please. As the audience we are drawn to the fact that anything could happen, and Daffy would not be expecting it. He snobbishly goes to strum the guitar, to find it creates the sound of a machine gun, then a horn and a donkey. The use of mismatching image and sound, is yet another comedic element used indoors this film, helping create a sense of alienation towards Daffy, with every action he is restricted by the animators command. He breaks the guitar with frustration, and tries plea to the animator, to discover he has been given up the voice of chicken and a few other different birds. After many attempts he slowly loses his will, so with one last try he endeavours to speak, but at an extreme volume his voice returns. Embarrassed, Daffy is once again chance uponed helpless to the animator. Daffys traits are explicitly shown, especially his willingness. He stresses for a scenery and colour, but is given a child like drawing background, and is painted in many colours and patterns. This is followed by a mini tantrum by Daffy. Daffy is constantly challenged by the world around him, but his reactions to the ev ents increase the likely hood of the next action made by the animator. If he was not such a drama queen and self absorbed, the constant bad luck happening would most likely be lowered. But clearly, the circumstance of the cartoon remains issued to the bank of the animator. These series of occurrences only cause added anticipation from the spectators who want to further witness the amount of knockbacks the character can take. Chuck Jones gives Daffy centre stage, but at the resembling time controls every part of him during the animation, meanwhile breaking the fourth wall and highlighting the construction of the animations art form. With a simple idea of concept of fate, the audience are able to gather a small meaning from the piece that no matter what life throws at you, one should adjust and accept what nature has planned for you, or else of find fault.Throughout the whole animation, whatever Daffys expectations are or wishes to receive, he is given the complete opposite. Seve ral times he tries to take control of the situation, to find himself being manipulated even more, but at the same time the audience are able to witness his anger levels rising. A great example of this is when he finds himself on a small deserted island in the distance, he calls for a close up, which the audience can hardly hear. But instead of receiving the camera to come closer, the frame of the screen shrinks to frame him, Daffys first response is quite sarcastic but soon explodes with frustration. The camera quickly zooms in to reveal just Daffys aggravated eyes. Daffy tries to gain an understanding between himself and the animator, but he is soon interrupted by a black material weighing him down, finally tearing up the screen. He then returns to suggesting the cartoon should begin even though it has already been running for several minutes. Throughout the piece Daffy continuously tries to bump his strength and control, but time and time again he is interrupted by some kind of gag narrative. Daffy is soon appointed as a pilot, but this is purely to launch a series of gags, including an off screen air crash, the fall, his parachute turning into a weight, the explosion of the weight which becomes a bomb. At this point Daffy is left helpless, a loss of all control, but with one finally attempt to regain some dignity, he demands to know Who is responsible for all of this? I demand that you show yourself The enclosed boarder that the audience is now accustomed to is broken as the camera pulls away to reveal the animator Bugs bunny rabbit. The whole piece is a series of independent gags, no relevance to one another except to torment Daffy. But with such shock and surprise to the biggest gag of all, that it was his arch-enemy Bugs Bunny who was the master mind the entire time. Chuck Jones great skill was creating a comic suspense, planting a joke and letting the audience abide for the evitable outcome. By doing this, it created a build up for laughter, the fu lfilment of a gag. Duck Amuck demonstrates this immensely, practically every rest point in the animation is the start of a gag. While Daffy is reassuring himself possibly after a gag, he is yet unaware of the next gag about to begin.Real life elements are incorporated throughout Duck Amuck, from film strips, to paint brushes, to erasers, used to manipulate the characters environment and appearance. But these are all cleverly used to show the interactivity between the creation and the creator. Elements like these create another dimension to the story, that we as the audience, to an extent can believe we are with the animator as they makes their decisions. Characters like Bugs Bunny and Daffy were wise cracking cynics rather than innocent altruists like Mickey Mouse. But although the Warner Brother characters are similar this animation wouldnt have worked with anyone else except Daffy. His loss of control and humiliation is what creates the piece, his frantic ways, and his self pity o f being unable to negotiate, or come to terms with the higher power destroys Daffy leaving him speechless, and in the end becomes more of a subject defined by a gaga. The animators at Warner Brothers experimented over many years trying to push to the extreme, but perhaps none were so extreme as Duck Amuck, although it was made within the Hollywood system, the sense of it almost feels more experimental film, with the request to the audience to be a part of the exploration of techniques in the cel animation.Olivia FarrarReferencesFurniss, M. (2005). Chuck Jones Converstations. United States University Press of Mississippi.Jones, C. (1999). Chuck Amuck The Life and Times of an Animated Cartoonist. United States Farrar Starus Giroux.Kenner, H. (1994). Chuck Jones A flurry of Drawings, Protraits of American Genius. United States University of California Press.Klein, N.M. (1996). Seven Minutes Life and Death of the American Animated Cartoon. United Kingdom Verso Books.Wells, P. (1998). Un derstand Animation. United Kingdom Routledge.

Manoeuvre Warfare Is Not A War History Essay

run Warf are Is Not A War History Essay2. Doctrinal Base. Manoeuvre fightfare has been adopted as the doctrinal primer for unhomogeneous Western armies. The Indian ground forces has been loosely haping it in both theory as well as formula for quite nigh time, but is fluent grappling to adopt it as basis of our war fighting ism. It would take much than rhetoric to actu all toldy transform this concept into practice there remains a lot of confusion as to what exactly it entails. Out of the many existing definitions further few are capable of briefly and clearly defining what Manoeuvre warfare is and how matchless does it. Manoeuvre is more of a philosophical approach to campaign design and execution than an arrange earn forcet of tactical engagements. Art and philosophy are a great deal the most common terms describing the concept and definition of Manoeuvre warfare. It piece of ass be described as the blind of tactical lead concerned with creation of battle array, d ecision making and understanding the human dimension rather than a science associated with techniques, procedures and capabilities,3. Difficult to Understand. Being an fine art associated with philosophical concept of war fighting it leaves a lot to the interpretation and understanding of a theorist whose vision is slackly obscured by his basic psyche, fuck and the surviveledge base available to him or his capability to grasp the concept of Manoeuvre. More often than non one acts on the lines of six blind men who wanted to describe an elephant and each hand his imagi farming according to the give government agency of elephant he was touching So six blind men of HindustanDisputed blasting and long,Each in his own opinionExceeding stiff and strongThough each was partly in the right,They all were in the wrong applicability yet Of Manoeuvre Warfare4. Spatial concept? Manoeuvre is traditionally thought of as a spatial concept which is used to gain positional advantage. The US M arine concept of operate warfare however is war fighting philosophy that seeks to shatter the resistances cohesion through a variety of rapid, revolve abouted, and upset(prenominal) actions which create a turbulent and rapidly deteriorating situation with which the enemy ceasenot cope.2The manual further says This is not to imply that firepower is unimportant. On the contrary, firepower is central to place warfare. Nor do we entertain to imply that we lead pass up the opportunity to physically end the enemy. We will concentrate fires and forces at deciding(prenominal) points to destroy enemy elements when the opportunity presents itself and when it fits our bigger purposes.35. Should We Adopt it. When deciding upon the war fighting doctrine a nation should deliberate upon a basic question that is how to achieve victory in an pleasurable time frame which is economical in terms of men and material? . The answer we seek must be viewed in light of various functions much(pre nominal) as the nations soldiery might, economic and political standing in world order compared to his perceived adversaries, equivalently threat perception and expected duration of war. The Indian host doctrine does directs our focus on the intellectual understanding, institutionalisation and implementation of Manoeuvre warfare in its chapter on functional Perspective4however, remains uncommitted on deciding manoeuvre warfare as our basic war fighting philosophy.6. Mechanised Association. Since most astounding victories associated with Manoeuvre have a mechanised background, it is often considered to be a word of mechanised domain. The most common examples given is that of Blitzkrieg or Rommel and Pattons gallop across Gazala and the plains of Sicily respectively. Though most of us know that Rommel was an audacious practitioner of manoeuvre warfare during WW -II in his daring exploits but a few actually seemed to be aware of the fact that he acquire and perfected his manoeuvre skills as an infantry soldier in WW- I. hence it can be debated that the German war philosophy in second homo War was deeply influenced by Rommels World war I infantry experiences and hisbook5that grew out of those experiences. This lack of historical and conceptual understanding further deepens the dilemma of its applicability in Indian context especially in mountains.7. Applicability in Mountains. In light of supra mentioned aspects we must ask ourselves if manoeuvre warfare is solely applicable to conventional affairs typified by minted formations of armoured vehicles? Or, are the principles and methods equally applicable to craggy terrain?. The key to manoeuvre warfare, as expressed by proponents like ordainiam Lind and Robert Leonhard, was defeating the enemy by attacking his critical vulnerability rather than going toe-to-toe with his strength. This implies that in difficult terrain like mountains where critical vulnerabilities are of paramount richness and play decisi ve roles in the mastery of operations, the manoeuvre warfare assumes rather greater significance.CHAPTER IIMETHODOLOGYBattles are won by slaughter and maneuver. The greater the general, the more he contributes in maneuver, the less he demands in slaughter. Winston Churchill, The World Crisis, 1923Statement of the Problem8. Manoeuvre warfare is considered to be synonymous with mechanised operations and desert terrain by most of us. This thought process restrain us from tapping the actual potential of this universal war fighting philosophy, whose applicability is irrespective of the typesetters case of terrain or the arm using it .The aim of this paper is to analyse the concept of manoeuvre warfare as the war fighting philosophy for Indian Army and examine the feasibility of its application in unsmooth terrain in Indian context.Hypothesis9. Manoeuvre warfare is not a hard science and does not have a rigid list of theorems or formulae, which can define its applicability to a particu lar arm or terrain. It is very much applicable in Indian context, especially to mountainous terrain.Justification of the Study10. Inability to Accept Manoeuvre Warfare. Over the years we have developed an grinding-based approach to warfare. Our preparedness institutes are teaching tactics as a science having set piece solutions with mathematical framework and rigid utilization of resources. Though we claim to take in most logical and workable solutions but nine out of ten exercises end up with resembling lessons and solutions being culled out in the end. Another factor, which for the most part contribute towards our inability to accept manoeuvre warfare at tactical level is our fascination to adopt westernised terms and concepts. This is acceptable till they are used as building blocks to enhance our operational efficiency. But when templated without giving a proper thought to the fiber of our society, training and our basic approach towards life and philosophy6 results in mer e lip service and resentment at grass root level where they are to be executed. This misleads them to perceive manoeuvre warfare as extension of widespread military jargon or another fascinating word for what we have always done or common sense tactics7. This take aways an urgent change in thought process.11. Geo-Politico-Military Factor. India is wedged between two hostile neighbours having boundary disputes with both, which can lead to a potential conflict in future. With western adversary we enjoying vast superiority both in numbers and economy but the situation is not so very same with the eastern. Indian philosophy and ethos are against press release of any dominion this when coupled with no first use of force places the military force at sign disadvantage of wresting the initiative before any conflict. This more or less drives India towards the attritionist practices in war where territory is of vital importance and its loss is unacceptable flat in lieu of operational or tactical advantage it accrues. Superior force ratios are considered necessary to protect or regain the lost territory at any cost.12. Battle Field Milieu. These potential situations when coupled with future battlefield scenario having nuclear backdrop, own political will and international pressure assures high-pitched intensity, fluid, short term and intense battle field in a reactive scenario. such characterized conflicts cant be won just by attritionist approach. We need a philosophy, which provides us victory in shortest time frame with economy in men and material.13. With approximately two third of our borders resting on the high mastiffs of mountainous terrain, it is easy to acquire a defensive mentality and orthodox approach to war fighting. This attitude stems from a blinkered outlook that any other approach to warfare is of no concern in this topography and the war will be nothing but a peak to peak slogging match. In the light of these, it is imperative that one takes a f resh look at our approach to warfare and reconsiders the applicability of manoeuvre warfare to mountainous terrain to win any future conflicts with minimal losses and within acceptable/quickest timeframe. We must understand that manoeuvrist approach to operations is as important to a commander in the high mountains as it is to a mounted general.Scope14. This paper carries out an analysis of modern works on the theory of Manoeuvre warfare and tries to establish link between various theories and figure out basic components of manoeuvre warfare. The work just touches the concept based on the premise that basic knowledge of manoeuvre exist with the subscriber The scope will be limited to the instigating the aspects needing attention in the Indian armys basic doctrine and war philosophy to make it more manoeuvristic. The paper will concentrate more on organisational, institutional and functional changes necessary to facilitate this and the explore the concepts that can be applied temp orary hookup operating in mountainous terrain..Methods of Data Collection15. Books, military journals and periodical have been referred to from Defence Services Staff College Library, online sources and personal subscriptions contributed towards the research. Some contents have also been taken from the interviews of German generals later on World War II (WW II) which were available from Defence Sites after translations. My own understanding of subject that accrued from discussions with peers, seniors and the Guide Directing Staff Colonel Rohit Mehta on the topic has come handy in making few suggestions for the dissertation. The casual discussion with Gen (Retd) HS Panag and lecture by Gen (Retd) Mehta in DSSC were instrumental inshaping the ideas expressed in the research. The bibliography of sources is attach at the end of the documentOrganisation of Data16. The text has been divided into five chapters excluding the introduction and conclusion. The initial chapters examine the es sential elements of Manoeuvre warfare and how it differs from attrition warfare with special origin to analysis of modern writings on the subject and culls out the essence of these theories. The adjoining chapter deals with relevance of this theory in the Indian context. The penultimate chapter is a follow up of the previous chapter and highlights the organisational, institutional and functional changes necessary for implementing manoeuvre theory by Indian Army. The next chapter gives some recommendations to apply the concept of manoeuvre warfare in mountainous terrain bordering India.thitherafter reiterating the essence of what has been said in the entire dissertation the conclusion settles the dissertation.CHAPTER IIIUNDERSTANDING MANOEUVRE war Manoeuvre theory has nothing to do with vast numbers of men and machines charging down the countryside. Manoeuvre theory is about amplifying the force which a small mass is capable of exerting it is synonymous with the Indirect Approach. -Richard E SimpkinEvolution of Manoeuvre Theory17. Manoeuvre warfare is a philosophy for fighting smart to ensure mastery in war. The first manoeuvre on a large scale in battle, recorded in history, was during the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC8. In this battle, the Greeks under Miltiades scored a decisive victory through manoeuvre where the Greek phalanx hit the Persians from both flanks inflicting a total defeat. However, Alexander the Great can be considered as the first great practitioner of art of manoeuvre. Most of his victories are classic examples of Manoeuvre warfare. In 331 BC in the battle of Arbela he defeated Persian monarch, Darius III who had a numerical superiority of 51 against him. Sun Tzu also captured the essence of this philosophy in his classic work9.18. The most important development of manoeuvre theories took place in Germany and the USSR during the 1920s and 1930s, notably with the development of the Deep Battle concept that was integrated into the Red Army f ield regulations doctrine by Marshal Tukhachevsky10. While the Wehrmacht developed from this the operations named Blitzkrieg, in the USSR this led to the creation of the Cavalry Mechanised Groups during the Second World War, and the Operational manoeuvre groups during the Cold War.11The Soviets used the concept of Deep Battle (which they continued through the Cold War).19. In spite of all these years of rich history, only recently has a clear and acceptable definition of Manoeuvre warfare has been offered for modern tactics and operations. Two of the best works on modern manoeuvre warfare come from Robert R Leonhard12and William S Lind13. While they both draw heavily from Sun Tzu, Richard Simpkin, Sir Basil Liddell-Hart and Second World War German and Russian theories, they synthesize these thoughts and produce what could be called the modern school of Manoeuvre warfare.Modern Works On Manoeuvre Warfare20. William S Lind Observe, Orient, Decide, Act (OODA) Cycle. Linds understandin g of manoeuvre warfare theory is based basically on the research done by Retired Air Force Colonel John Boyd, who studied the US success with the F-86 combatant aircraft in combat over Korea fighter aircraft and derived Boyd Theory, Pattern of conflicts14. He observed that fighter pilots, who were able to observe their opponent, orient themselves to the situation, decide on a way of life of action and act upon decided action faster than their enemy counterparts usually embraced victory. The idea was that the pilot who went through his OODA loop also known as a Boyd Cycle) faster than his opponent was able to render his opponents actions irrelevant and gain the upper hand in the dogfight. Lind uses this as base to conceptualise Manoeuvre theory and add it as- Conflict can be seen as time-competitive cycles.15He concluded that the armies, which are able to decide, move and fight faster, would quickly render the enemys reactions irrelevant and would result in destroying his cohesion . The enemy who finds the irrelevancy of his actions with each passing moment are subjected to panic or become passive and this is an ideal outcome for the victor, because a panicked or passive enemy can be annihilated or captured at the lowest cost in friendly casualties.1621. To achieve such end order ground forces must have capability to conduct faster Boyd Cycles/OODA cycle .The various methods suggested by Lind are Decentralized Command and Control, Initiative at all levels of command to exploit the fleeting opportunities. Mission-Type Orders that tell subordinates only the intent of high commander and not how to achieve it the designation of a Main Effort to focus the resources at disposal towards common objective to promote Unity of Effort and reliance on Reconnaissance Pull to Exploit Gaps and Avoid Surfaces in enemy defence. He further adds that Manoeuvre warfare federal agency not only to Accept confusion and disorder but also successfully operates in it and warns to v acate all patterns, recipes and formulae i.e. to say Be Unpredictable and achieve surprise.1722. therefore, it can be understood the soul of Linds theory is tempo which is supported by Sun Tzu What is of the greatest importance in war is extraordinary cannonball along one cannot afford to neglect opportunity . . . An attack may lack ingenuity, but it must be delivered with supernatural speed and further explained by Richard Simpkin as the operational rate of advance.1823. Robert Leonhard and Art of Manoeuvre. Leonhard expands upon Linds theory of manoeuvre warfare by looking beyond tempo to other methods of defeating enemy. But agrees with Lind on defeating enemy with the minimal necessary force. As described by Leonhard, manoeuvre warfare attempts to defeat the enemy through means other than the simple destruction of his mass.19The other means of Leonhard include (a) Pre-Emption which is the most economical and often most successful method to defeat enemy. Indeed the highest and purest application of maneuver theory is to pre-empt the enemy, that is, to disarm or neutralize him before the fight.20This is in consonance with Linds emphasis on tempo and Boyd Cycles.(b) Dislocation is regarded as the next most preferred method, after pre-emption, i.e., which he explains as removing the enemy from the decisive point, or vice versa, thus rendering them useless and irrelevant to the fight.21Dislocation can be further sub divided as positional or functional dislocation. Positional dislocation involves making the enemys location irrelevant through Manoeuvre while Functional dislocation refers to rendering an enemys strength irrelevant.(c) Disruption as the third method for defeating the enemy more economically. He defines it as attacking the enemys midpoint of gravity(COG), which he further explain using the King Queen theory22-taking analogy from game of chess to he describe the understanding of of COG for attritionist as the queen or source of strength and for maneouvrist as king or the critical vulnerability. Which when addressed causes the enemy to lose cohesion and the will to fight. Disruption is close linked to battlefield psychology and its target is not the enemy forces per se but rather the mind of enemy commanderEssentials of Manoeuvre Warfare.24. Other than the concepts mentioned above keeping present and future battle field Directive Style Of Command, Mission Type Orders, Small Team Concept, Integrated Battle Approach With accredited Jointmanship, Simultaneity Of Operations, Mental Mobility Of Commanders at all levels and High Initiative with Mastering The Basic Skills are other essentials demanded for a manoeuvristic approach. There is a large scuttle between the philosophical concept and its practical application. Manoeuvre warfare is not a concept that can be practiced independently by tactical units. It requires the support of entire army as well as each individual soldier for the required transformation.Manoeuvre Vs Attrition.25. In most situations, attrition warfare is best able to achieve the principle of concentration of force, unity of command, security, cooperation and simplicity. The outcome of WWI was decided by attrition If either side had been able to force part of the enemy alliance from the field, it would have reduced the enemys available resources and forces. Additionally it would have forced the enemy to spread its fewer forces over a larger area, potentially allowing greater room for maneuver. However attrition was forced on the belligerents until the combat power ratios23were changed and the Allies gained a clear advantage. It is a comparatively simple way to wage war and demands little initiative from subordinates. Higher commanders with the help of staff available plan battles in micro details whereas junior officers merely follow orders to the cut. However, this makes attrition war predictable and sequential.26. By contrast, manoeuvre warfare regards application of military force as only one of the ways of to the attain politico military aim. Manoeuvre warfare draws its power mainly from opportunities and still more on winning the battle of wills by surprise or, failing this, by speed and aptness of response.24Manoeuvre warfare is thus concerned with amplifying the force, which a small mass is capable of exerting and conveying a threat commensurate with the mission.Field Commanders sufferance of polar Warfare in Similar Situations.27. Field Marshal capital of Alabama and General Patton were two of the most effective allied commanders who were faced with roughly alike conditions, practiced effective dissimilar methods of war fighting. While Patton stressed on audacity, surprise, speed and always relied on mental mobility of subordinate commanders to exploit battle opportunities, Montgomery emphasised on caution and preferred a balanced orthodox approach. Montgomery has often been criticised for his aversion to taking risk but his approach to war was certainly an effort to minimise the risk. Comparing the two commanders lead to deduction that both concepts focus on compelling the enemy to do our will or reducing his ability to resist us until he finally accedes to our will25. A major assumption is that a war of manoeuvre is of a higher order than a war of attrition and that the general who defeats his enemy in a war of manoeuvre is superior to another who practices attrition warfare. Many still think of General Grant as a the butcher owing to the methods he used to defeat the Confederate armies or have general look that all World War I generals lacked inspiration because they seemed incapable of breaking the stalemate at the forward. Which certainly needs reconsideration, as both the theories are complimentary.Different Wars.28. Wars of manoeuvre can be referred as wars of annihilation or destruction because the enemys ability or will to fight is annihilated after a decisive battle or a series of decisive battles in different theatres. Whereas wars of attrition may be referred as wars of exhaustion as they focus on the enemys ability or will to resist be exhausted. Attrition wars can be presumed to be more costly to in terms of loss of personnel, carriage and time unless one side completely dominates the other. In contrast to attrition theory, which concentrates on the enemys field forces, manoeuvre theory thrives on outperforming the enemys thought processes with the intent to destroy force cohesion.Why Modern Wars Become Attrition Wars?29. The inspiration for the attrition theory basically comes from Clausewitzs Vernichtungsprinzip or principle of annihilation.26If wars of attrition are generally more costly than wars of maneuver and practitioners of attrition are perceived as less enlightened than those who succeed through maneuver and a decisive battle, then why do modern wars so often become wars of attrition? There are reasons to it(a) Often the combat power that can be generated at the front is a lmostequal. Temporary stalemate and attrition follow until one side achieves a advantage in terms of numbers, firepower, leaders, manoeuvre, protection or Information.(b) Perception that the chances of success through a strategy of attrition have less risk element and uncertainty for the commander.(c) Nations which, possess a large army and and population which accepts the loss of lives in wars as a natural outcome accept attrition warfare.(d) When asymmetry exist between two warring fractions attrition warfare is followed unconsciously by superior fraction.The Other Side Of Manoeuvre Theory30. Every coin has a flip side so as every theory. There are certain conditions to be fulfilled while practicing this type of warfare. This requires additional effortcompare to attrition theory of warfare.(a) Dependence upon individual leadership.(b) There are also immense and glaring cultural differences between a decentralised manoeuvre military and a centralized attritional service. Attaining the latter involves people, time, and resources while the actor requires something more rare and difficult to achieve and that is the development of military tradition, free thinking by soldiers and commanders, mutual trust at all levels and education in the military art.(c) Delegation of responsibility by higher commander for crucial combat decisions to subordinates implies highest degree of interpersonal understanding and trust not easily achievable. Such trust and understanding must be forged within the framework of a mutual drive towards the achievement of final objective. Creating such frame of reference and bonding of shared values and morals is exceedingly difficult to achieve.(d) Involvement of higher degree of risk and uncertainty. Maneuver warfare usually entails more risk. There is consoling certainty in programing warfare as quantifiable, logically measurable and scientifically less intuitive. It recedes the mystery and terror of something otherwise uncontrollable, inde cipherable, and probability based.(e) The maneuver doctrine required relentless tempo that could not afford an operational pause. It was one of the factor leading to German failure during Barbarossa.27CHAPTER IVMANOEUVRE war FOR INDIAN ARMYTheory Suitable For Our Nation ?31. The answer to this most commonly asked question depends upon ones needs, assets, and the kind of political supervision. Irrespective of national or military inclinations toward any theory, there are certain parameters which determine what type of warfare a nation should adopt.(a) Human Resource. Contrary to expectation that attrition requires a depress level of intellect and imagination than does maneuver One must understand that most people can be made to adhere to checklists and taught to operate or maintain redden the most complex pieces of technology. However, maneuver warfare requires creativity and innovativeness towards the unorthodox approach and independent cast of mind.(b) Equipment. Attrition-warfar e armament must exceed at least thequality and preferably the quantity of that of the enemy. Developing countries will find adoption or continued adherence to attrition theory unjustifiable, unless they expect even more compelled foes (only western adversary in our case).(c) Threat. A military selecting a particular warfare theory will need to consider its likely threats. Will it encounter a conventional army with high standard of training, morale and motivation equivalent to his (west in our case) or a more resourceful nation with edge in terms of political freedom, technology, and numbers (East in our case).(d) Duration of war. In short term conflicts attrition has not performed well against maneuveristic army. It is only after extended periods of stalemate (and frequently heavy casualties) can those who employ attrition theory could overcome their maneuveristic enemies.(e) Risk / Higher perpetrations of War. The level of acceptable risk that the leadership is willing to take is extremely important when selecting a suitable theory.(f) Strategy. If a particular nation has some territorial disputes but its strategy is to maintain a status quo, it is not going to opt for large-scale manoeuvre warfare. However, since it has to remain prepared for any attempts to alter the status quo it may opt for a jolly higher bias towardsManoeuvre than attrition.(g) Some of the other determinants for planned offensive could be (i) How deep are we planning to go?(ii) Is there a essential of going that deep?(iii) What type of punishment do we want to inflict?(iv) What type of punishment are we anticipating?32. Social Fiber of Society. Attrition theory generally suits the style of societies that believe human nature is inherently good that war takes place between military forces with clearly designated combatants that there are clear-cut demarcations and knightliness still exists during any combat. While the foundation of manoeuvre warfare is based on the philosophical tenet s- that human nature is inherently flawed, that because of human greed and frailness warfare is an inevitable fact of life, that war is an all-embracing human activity that is not confined to the clear demarcation of the battlefield and that the crux of warfare is mans mind.Which Direction Should We Embark33. Rarely has superior firepower and attritionist approach determined the outcome of any major conflict. Nations have historically demonstrated a remarkable resiliency while enduring the punishment wrought by bombs, artillery, missiles and loss of men and material but victories are achieved only when the commander orchestrates a balance