Icarus In Catechism Class

The story revolves around the ancient story of Cirrus and Deals. In a outsell, Cirrus was the son of the artist Deals who created a labyrinth for the Minotaur, as commanded by King Minis. Cirrus and his father wanted to escape from Crete. They used Deals' invention-?a pair Of wings made Of feathers and wax. Deals warned his son not to go too near the ocean or the sun, because his wings would get wet and be too heavy, or the wax holding his wings would melt and be gone.Now to the poem proper, Olio gives us an image of Cirrus inside a church or a religion convention and he feels very much uninterested having every intention of getting out. In the first line † Or make us angels all, with dirty et,† already brings about a disconnection or a confusion because of the word â€Å"or† and â€Å"all†, who is Cirrus referring too? Followed up with † Without wings, chanting the beatitudes Without exultation nor thought, counting† shows us an irony of angels having no wings but with dirty feet possibly due to walking with bare feet.These lines shows us angels being humankind, removing their wings so they would walk live men turns them into something just like us. † counting the silver halos on the heads of saints/And ignoring the pastels on the stunning/ Stained glass windows. † further supports the act of humiliation. To ignore he pastels on the stained glass windows shows us that the stained glass isn't stunning no more. It is portrayed as something of the ordinary. Also, â€Å"counting the silver halos† further supports the fact the Cirrus mood is revolving around the concept of boredom.The next verse being â€Å"This morning Deals/My father' gives us an affirmation that Cirrus is indeed the persona. Moving on to â€Å"Spoke of escape from this dark labyrinth† gives me two (2) impressions here, the more religion version and the more scientific and historic version. One being that the dark labyrinth maybe re lated to the Church where Cirrus is trapped in for the time Ewing. Another reading is that knowing Cirrus is being consumed by boredom, his thoughts maybe already wondering off relating what he feels inside the Church to be what he really feels to be trapped inside the labyrinth.Connecting this with † This walled-in wilderness where the black/birds twitter/ Homilies from the pulpit. â€Å", following the first reading the â€Å"black birds† are the priest or preachers filling him with nonsense or following the second reading they could be somewhat the evil men keeping him inside that labyrinth. â€Å"O I wait the noon† – The noon could signify the crucifixion of Jesus Christ owing He died at pm then it would be around noon when he was placed on the cross. While following the second reading, noon is known to be the hottest part of the day when the sun is directly above us.The next line is a bit confusing â€Å"Soon the minutes will glibly run/lento the de cades full of women and sinners†, the trail of thought for the first reading became bigger. We were looking at it in the time line of Jesus' life but Olio gives us a grander picture to the time of genesis. Women being sinners correlates to the time Eve ate the apple. For the second reading, women throughout history have gained this ad notion of being seductresses. Moving on to † O hour of my death, O let the noon bell ring† could be connected to the later part of the prayer Hail Mary – Pray for us sinner now and at the hour of our death.Cirrus at this point maybe prayer already. On the other hand, noon as mention is the hottest part of the day, could refer to the point of Cirrus' life when he is about to part ways from the human world. Lastly, the part â€Å"l want to go home I want to put On my wings. † for the first reading could be that he has awakened from his trail of thoughts and simply just wants to escape from the religious invention and put o n his wings to escape from this insane world or it could also mean Cirrus' death in his life, home for he isn't in the human world no more.Cirrus viewed religion to be something that captivated him. Something that sets the norms, rules, regulations that each person has to obey. It would limit his freedom. He would rather also experience life at first hand by stepping outside rather than sitting inside a religious convention listening to what and what not to do. It was a battle between his reality and illusions. Reality being him actually inside a church and illusion being the bigger picture of him being rapped inside the labyrinth, a nasty world.In the end, it was his illusion that won based on the last line â€Å"l want to go home I want to put on my wings† that revolved on the notion that he was away of it being an illusion and he tries to turn it into his reality by putting on the wings and flying off. The two poems â€Å"Cirrus in Catechism Class† and â€Å"Cirrus and Deals† both us the same technique and basis yet have different intentions. They both use the historical story of Cirrus and Deals reflecting the journey they went through. Showing the creation of the wings, being trapped inside the labyrinth and flying too.

Twilight 13. CONFESSIONS

13. CONFESSIONS Edward in the sunlight was shocking. I couldn't get used to it, though I'd been staring at him all afternoon. His skin, white despite the faint flush from yesterday's hunting trip, literally sparkled, like thousands of tiny diamonds were embedded in the surface. He lay perfectly still in the grass, his shirt open over his sculpted, incandescent chest, his scintillating arms bare. His glistening, pale lavender lids were shut, though of course he didn't sleep. A perfect statue, carved in some unknown stone, smooth like marble, glittering like crystal. Now and then, his lips would move, so fast it looked like they were trembling. But, when I asked, he told me he was singing to himself; it was too low for me to hear. I enjoyed the sun, too, though the air wasn't quite dry enough for my taste. I would have liked to lie back, as he did, and let the sun warm my face. But I stayed curled up, my chin resting on my knees, unwilling to take my eyes off him. The wind was gentle; it tangled my hair and ruffled the grass that swayed around his motionless form. The meadow, so spectacular to me at first, paled next to his magnificence. Hesitantly, always afraid, even now, that he would disappear like a mirage, too beautiful to be real†¦ hesitantly, I reached out one finger and stroked the back of his shimmering hand, where it lay within my reach. I marveled again at the perfect texture, satin smooth, cool as stone. When I looked up again, his eyes were open, watching me. Butterscotch today, lighter, warmer after hunting. His quick smile turned up the corners of his flawless lips. â€Å"I don't scare you?† he asked playfully, but I could hear the real curiosity in his soft voice. â€Å"No more than usual.† He smiled wider; his teeth flashed in the sun. I inched closer, stretched out my whole hand now to trace the contours of his forearm with my fingertips. I saw that my fingers trembled, and knew it wouldn't escape his notice. â€Å"Do you mind?† I asked, for he had closed his eyes again. â€Å"No,† he said without opening his eyes. â€Å"You can't imagine how that feels.† He sighed. I lightly trailed my hand over the perfect muscles of his arm, followed the faint pattern of bluish veins inside the crease at his elbow. With my other hand, I reached to turn his hand over. Realizing what I wished, he flipped his palm up in one of those blindingly fast, disconcerting movements of his. It startled me; my fingers froze on his arm for a brief second. â€Å"Sorry,† he murmured. I looked up in time to see his golden eyes close again. â€Å"It's too easy to be myself with you.† I lifted his hand, turning it this way and that as I watched the sun glitter on his palm. I held it closer to my face, trying to see the hidden facets in his skin. â€Å"Tell me what you're thinking,† he whispered. I looked to see his eyes watching me, suddenly intent. â€Å"It's still so strange for me, not knowing.† â€Å"You know, the rest of us feel that way all the time.† â€Å"It's a hard life.† Did I imagine the hint of regret in his tone? â€Å"But you didn't tell me.† â€Å"I was wishing I could know what you were thinking†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I hesitated. â€Å"And?† â€Å"I was wishing that I could believe that you were real. And I was wishing that I wasn't afraid.† â€Å"I don't want you to be afraid.† His voice was just a soft murmur. I heard what he couldn't truthfully say, that I didn't need to be afraid, that there was nothing to fear. â€Å"Well, that's not exactly the fear I meant, though that's certainly something to think about.† So quickly that I missed his movement, he was half sitting, propped up on his right arm, his left palm still in my hands. His angel's face was only a few inches from mine. I might have – should have – flinched away from his unexpected closeness, but I was unable to move. His golden eyes mesmerized me. â€Å"What are you afraid of, then?† he whispered intently. But I couldn't answer. As I had just that once before, I smelled his cool breath in my face. Sweet, delicious, the scent made my mouth water. It was unlike anything else. Instinctively, unthinkingly, I leaned closer, inhaling. And he was gone, his hand ripped from mine. In the time it took my eyes to focus, he was twenty feet away, standing at the edge of the small meadow, in the deep shade of a huge fir tree. He stared at me, his eyes dark in the shadows, his expression unreadable. I could feel the hurt and shock on my face. My empty hands stung. â€Å"I'm†¦ sorry†¦ Edward,† I whispered. I knew he could hear. â€Å"Give me a moment,† he called, just loud enough for my less sensitive ears. I sat very still. After ten incredibly long seconds, he walked back, slowly for him. He stopped, still several feet away, and sank gracefully to the ground, crossing his legs. His eyes never left mine. He took two deep breaths, and then smiled in apology. â€Å"I am so very sorry.† He hesitated. â€Å"Would you understand what I meant if I said I was only human?† I nodded once, not quite able to smile at his joke. Adrenaline pulsed through my veins as the realization of danger slowly sank in. He could smell that from where he sat. His smile turned mocking. â€Å"I'm the world's best predator, aren't I? Everything about me invites you in – my voice, my face, even my smell. As if I need any of that!† Unexpectedly, he was on his feet, bounding away, instantly out of sight, only to appear beneath the same tree as before, having circled the meadow in half a second. â€Å"As if you could outrun me,† he laughed bitterly. He reached up with one hand and, with a deafening crack, effortlessly ripped a two-foot-thick branch from the trunk of the spruce. He balanced it in that hand for a moment, and then threw it with blinding speed, shattering it against another huge tree, which shook and trembled at the blow. And he was in front of me again, standing two feet away, still as a stone. â€Å"As if you could fight me off,† he said gently. I sat without moving, more frightened of him than I had ever been. I'd never seen him so completely freed of that carefully cultivated facade. He'd never been less human†¦ or more beautiful. Face ashen, eyes wide, I sat like a bird locked in the eyes of a snake. His lovely eyes seem to glow with rash excitement. Then, as the seconds passed, they dimmed. His expression slowly folded into a mask of ancient sadness. â€Å"Don't be afraid,† he murmured, his velvet voice unintentionally seductive. â€Å"I promise†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He hesitated. â€Å"I swear not to hurt you.† He seemed more concerned with convincing himself than me. â€Å"Don't be afraid,† he whispered again as he stepped closer, with exaggerated slowness. He sat sinuously, with deliberately unhurried movements, till our faces were on the same level, just a foot apart. â€Å"Please forgive me,† he said formally. â€Å"I can control myself. You caught me off guard. But I'm on my best behavior now.† He waited, but I still couldn't speak. â€Å"I'm not thirsty today, honestly.† He winked. At that I had to laugh, though the sound was shaky and breathless. â€Å"Are you all right?† he asked tenderly, reaching out slowly, carefully, to place his marble hand back in mine. I looked at his smooth, cold hand, and then at his eyes. They were soft, repentant. I looked back at his hand, and then deliberately returned to tracing the lines in his hand with my fingertip. I looked up and smiled timidly. His answering smile was dazzling. â€Å"So where were we, before I behaved so rudely?† he asked in the gentle cadences of an earlier century. â€Å"I honestly can't remember.† He smiled, but his face was ashamed. â€Å"I think we were talking about why you were afraid, besides the obvious reason.† â€Å"Oh, right.† â€Å"Well?† I looked down at his hand and doodled aimlessly across his smooth, iridescent palm. The seconds ticked by. â€Å"How easily frustrated I am,† he sighed. I looked into his eyes, abruptly grasping that this was every bit as new to him as it was to me. As many years of unfathomable experience as he had, this was hard for him, too. I took courage from that thought. â€Å"I was afraid†¦ because, for, well, obvious reasons, I can't stay with you. And I'm afraid that I'd like to stay with you, much more than I should.† I looked down at his hands as I spoke. It was difficult for me to say this aloud. â€Å"Yes,† he agreed slowly. â€Å"That is something to be afraid of, indeed. Wanting to be with me. That's really not in your best interest.† I frowned. â€Å"I should have left long ago,† he sighed. â€Å"I should leave now. But I don't know if I can.† â€Å"I don't want you to leave,† I mumbled pathetically, staring down again. â€Å"Which is exactly why I should. But don't worry. I'm essentially a selfish creature. I crave your company too much to do what I should.† â€Å"I'm glad.† â€Å"Don't be!† He withdrew his hand, more gently this time; his voice was harsher than usual. Harsh for him, still more beautiful than any human voice. It was hard to keep up – his sudden mood changes left me always a step behind, dazed. â€Å"It's not only your company I crave! Never forget that. Never forget I am more dangerous to you than I am to anyone else.† He stopped, and I looked to see him gazing unseeingly into the forest. I thought for a moment. â€Å"I don't think I understand exactly what you mean – by that last part anyway,† I said. He looked back at me and smiled, his mood shifting yet again. â€Å"How do I explain?† he mused. â€Å"And without frightening you again†¦ hmmmm.† Without seeming to think about it, he placed his hand back in mine; I held it tightly in both of mine. He looked at our hands. â€Å"That's amazingly pleasant, the warmth.† He sighed. A moment passed as he assembled his thoughts. â€Å"You know how everyone enjoys different flavors?† he began. â€Å"Some people love chocolate ice cream, others prefer strawberry?† I nodded. â€Å"Sorry about the food analogy – I couldn't think of another way to explain.† I smiled. He smiled ruefully back. â€Å"You see, every person smells different, has a different essence. If you locked an alcoholic in a room full of stale beer, he'd gladly drink it. But he could resist, if he wished to, if he were a recovering alcoholic. Now let's say you placed in that room a glass of hundred-year-old brandy, the rarest, finest cognac – and filled the room with its warm aroma – how do you think he would fare then?† We sat silently, looking into each other's eyes – trying to read each other's thoughts. He broke the silence first. â€Å"Maybe that's not the right comparison. Maybe it would be too easy to turn down the brandy. Perhaps I should have made our alcoholic a heroin addict instead.† â€Å"So what you're saying is, I'm your brand of heroin?† I teased, trying to lighten the mood. He smiled swiftly, seeming to appreciate my effort. â€Å"Yes, you are exactly my brand of heroin.† â€Å"Does that happen often?† I asked. He looked across the treetops, thinking through his response. â€Å"I spoke to my brothers about it.† He still stared into the distance. â€Å"To Jasper, every one of you is much the same. He's the most recent to join our family. It's a struggle for him to abstain at all. He hasn't had time to grow sensitive to the differences in smell, in flavor.† He glanced swiftly at me, his expression apologetic. â€Å"Sorry,† he said. â€Å"I don't mind. Please don't worry about offending me, or frightening me, or whichever. That's the way you think. I can understand, or I can try to at least. Just explain however you can.† He took a deep breath and gazed at the sky again. â€Å"So Jasper wasn't sure if he'd ever come across someone who was as† – he hesitated, looking for the right word – â€Å"appealing as you are to me. Which makes me think not. Emmett has been on the wagon longer, so to speak, and he understood what I meant. He says twice, for him, once stronger than the other.† â€Å"And for you?† â€Å"Never.† The word hung there for a moment in the warm breeze. â€Å"What did Emmett do?† I asked to break the silence. It was the wrong question to ask. His face grew dark, his hand clenched into a fist inside mine. He looked away. I waited, but he wasn't going to answer. â€Å"I guess I know,† I finally said. He lifted his eyes; his expression was wistful, pleading. â€Å"Even the strongest of us fall off the wagon, don't we?† â€Å"What are you asking? My permission?† My voice was sharper than I'd intended. I tried to make my tone kinder – I could guess what his honesty must cost him. â€Å"I mean, is there no hope, then?† How calmly I could discuss my own death! â€Å"No, no!† He was instantly contrite. â€Å"Of course there's hope! I mean, of course I won't†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He left the sentence hanging. His eyes burned into mine. â€Å"It's different for us. Emmett†¦ these were strangers he happened across. It was a long time ago, and he wasn't as†¦ practiced, as careful, as he is now.† He fell silent and watched me intently as I thought it through. â€Å"So if we'd met†¦ oh, in a dark alley or something†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I trailed off. â€Å"It took everything I had not to jump up in the middle of that class full of children and -† He stopped abruptly, looking away. â€Å"When you walked past me, I could have ruined everything Carlisle has built for us, right then and there. If I hadn't been denying my thirst for the last, well, too many years, I wouldn't have been able to stop myself.† He paused, scowling at the trees. He glanced at me grimly, both of us remembering. â€Å"You must have thought I was possessed.† â€Å"I couldn't understand why. How you could hate me so quickly†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"To me, it was like you were some kind of demon, summoned straight from my own personal hell to ruin me. The fragrance coming off your skin†¦ I thought it would make me deranged that first day. In that one hour, I thought of a hundred different ways to lure you from the room with me, to get you alone. And I fought them each back, thinking of my family, what I could do to them. I had to run out, to get away before I could speak the words that would make you follow†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He looked up then at my staggered expression as I tried to absorb his bitter memories. His golden eyes scorched from under his lashes, hypnotic and deadly. â€Å"You would have come,† he promised. I tried to speak calmly. â€Å"Without a doubt.† He frowned down at my hands, releasing me from the force of his stare. â€Å"And then, as I tried to rearrange my schedule in a pointless attempt to avoid you, you were there – in that close, warm little room, the scent was maddening. I so very nearly took you then. There was only one other frail human there – so easily dealt with.† I shivered in the warm sun, seeing my memories anew through his eyes, only now grasping the danger. Poor Ms. Cope; I shivered again at how close I'd come to being inadvertently responsible for her death. â€Å"But I resisted. I don't know how. I forced myself not to wait for you, not to follow you from the school. It was easier outside, when I couldn't smell you anymore, to think clearly, to make the right decision. I left the others near home – I was too ashamed to tell them how weak I was, they only knew something was very wrong – and then I went straight to Carlisle, at the hospital, to tell him I was leaving.† I stared in surprise. â€Å"I traded cars with him – he had a full tank of gas and I didn't want to stop. I didn't dare to go home, to face Esme. She wouldn't have let me go without a scene. She would have tried to convince me that it wasn't necessary†¦ â€Å"By the next morning I was in Alaska.† He sounded ashamed, as if admitting a great cowardice. â€Å"I spent two days there, with some old acquaintances†¦ but I was homesick. I hated knowing I'd upset Esme, and the rest of them, my adopted family. In the pure air of the mountains it was hard to believe you were so irresistible. I convinced myself it was weak to run away. I'd dealt with temptation before, not of this magnitude, not even close, but I was strong. Who were you, an insignificant little girl† – he grinned suddenly – â€Å"to chase me from the place I wanted to be? So I came back†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He stared off into space. I couldn't speak. â€Å"I took precautions, hunting, feeding more than usual before seeing you again. I was sure that I was strong enough to treat you like any other human. I was arrogant about it. â€Å"It was unquestionably a complication that I couldn't simply read your thoughts to know what your reaction was to me. I wasn't used to having to go to such circuitous measures, listening to your words in Jessica's mind†¦ her mind isn't very original, and it was annoying to have to stoop to that. And then I couldn't know if you really meant what you said. It was all extremely irritating.† He frowned at the memory. â€Å"I wanted you to forget my behavior that first day, if possible, so I tried to talk with you like I would with any person. I was eager actually, hoping to decipher some of your thoughts. But you were too interesting, I found myself caught up in your expressions†¦ and every now and then you would stir the air with your hand or your hair, and the scent would stun me again†¦ â€Å"Of course, then you were nearly crushed to death in front of my eyes. Later I thought of a perfectly good excuse for why I acted at that moment – because if I hadn't saved you, if your blood had been spilled there in front of me, I don't think I could have stopped myself from exposing us for what we are. But I only thought of that excuse later. At the time, all I could think was, ‘Not her.'† He closed his eyes, lost in his agonized confession. I listened, more eager than rational. Common sense told me I should be terrified. Instead, I was relieved to finally understand. And I was filled with compassion for his suffering, even now, as he confessed his craving to take my life. I finally was able to speak, though my voice was faint. â€Å"In the hospital?† His eyes flashed up to mine. â€Å"I was appalled. I couldn't believe I had put us in danger after all, put myself in your power – you of all people. As if I needed another motive to kill you.† We both flinched as that word slipped out. â€Å"But it had the opposite effect,† he continued quickly. â€Å"I fought with Rosalie, Emmett, and Jasper when they suggested that now was the time†¦ the worst fight we've ever had. Carlisle sided with me, and Alice.† He grimaced when he said her name. I couldn't imagine why. â€Å"Esme told me to do whatever I had to in order to stay.† He shook his head indulgently. â€Å"All that next day I eavesdropped on the minds of everyone you spoke to, shocked that you kept your word. I didn't understand you at all. But I knew that I couldn't become more involved with you. I did my very best to stay as far from you as possible. And every day the perfume of your skin, your breath, your hair†¦ it hit me as hard as the very first day.† He met my eyes again, and they were surprisingly tender. â€Å"And for all that,† he continued, â€Å"I'd have fared better if I had exposed us all at that first moment, than if now, here – with no witnesses and nothing to stop me – I were to hurt you.† I was human enough to have to ask. â€Å"Why?† â€Å"Isabella.† He pronounced my full name carefully, then playfully ruffled my hair with his free hand. A shock ran through my body at his casual touch. â€Å"Bella, I couldn't live with myself if I ever hurt you. You don't know how it's tortured me.† He looked down, ashamed again. â€Å"The thought of you, still, white, cold†¦ to never see you blush scarlet again, to never see that flash of intuition in your eyes when you see through my pretenses†¦ it would be unendurable.† He lifted his glorious, agonized eyes to mine. â€Å"You are the most important thing to me now. The most important thing to me ever.† My head was spinning at the rapid change in direction our conversation had taken. From the cheerful topic of my impending demise, we were suddenly declaring ourselves. He waited, and even though I looked down to study our hands between us, I knew his golden eyes were on me. â€Å"You already know how I feel, of course,† I finally said. â€Å"I'm here†¦ which, roughly translated, means I would rather die than stay away from you.† I frowned. â€Å"I'm an idiot.† â€Å"You are an idiot,† he agreed with a laugh. Our eyes met, and I laughed, too. We laughed together at the idiocy and sheer impossibility of such a moment. â€Å"And so the lion fell in love with the lamb†¦Ã¢â‚¬  he murmured. I looked away, hiding my eyes as I thrilled to the word. â€Å"What a stupid lamb,† I sighed. â€Å"What a sick, masochistic lion.† He stared into the shadowy forest for a long moment, and I wondered where his thoughts had taken him. â€Å"Why†¦ ?† I began, and then paused, not sure how to continue. He looked at me and smiled; sunlight glinted off his face, his teeth. â€Å"Yes?† â€Å"Tell me why you ran from me before.† His smile faded. â€Å"You know why.† â€Å"No, I mean, exactly what did I do wrong? I'll have to be on my guard, you see, so I better start learning what I shouldn't do. This, for example† – I stroked the back of his hand – â€Å"seems to be all right.† He smiled again. â€Å"You didn't do anything wrong, Bella. It was my fault.† â€Å"But I want to help, if I can, to not make this harder for you.† â€Å"Well†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He contemplated for a moment. â€Å"It was just how close you were. Most humans instinctively shy away from us, are repelled by our alienness†¦ I wasn't expecting you to come so close. And the smell of your throat.† He stopped short, looking to see if he'd upset me. â€Å"Okay, then,† I said flippantly, trying to alleviate the suddenly tense atmosphere. I tucked my chin. â€Å"No throat exposure.† It worked; he laughed. â€Å"No, really, it was more the surprise than anything else.† He raised his free hand and placed it gently on the side of my neck. I sat very still, the chill of his touch a natural warning – a warning telling me to be terrified. But there was no feeling of fear in me. There were, however, other feelings†¦ â€Å"You see,† he said. â€Å"Perfectly fine.† My blood was racing, and I wished I could slow it, sensing that this must make everything so much more difficult – the thudding of my pulse in my veins. Surely he could hear it. â€Å"The blush on your cheeks is lovely,† he murmured. He gently freed his other hand. My hands fell limply into my lap. Softly he brushed my cheek, then held my face between his marble hands. â€Å"Be very still,† he whispered, as if I wasn't already frozen. Slowly, never moving his eyes from mine, he leaned toward me. Then abruptly, but very gently, he rested his cold cheek against the hollow at the base of my throat. I was quite unable to move, even if I'd wanted to. I listened to the sound of his even breathing, watching the sun and wind play in his bronze hair, more human than any other part of him. With deliberate slowness, his hands slid down the sides of my neck. I shivered, and I heard him catch his breath. But his hands didn't pause as they softly moved to my shoulders, and then stopped. His face drifted to the side, his nose skimming across my collarbone. He came to rest with the side of his face pressed tenderly against my chest. Listening to my heart. â€Å"Ah,† he sighed. I don't know how long we sat without moving. It could have been hours. Eventually the throb of my pulse quieted, but he didn't move or speak again as he held me. I knew at any moment it could be too much, and my life could end – so quickly that I might not even notice. And I couldn't make myself be afraid. I couldn't think of anything, except that he was touching me. And then, too soon, he released me. His eyes were peaceful. â€Å"It won't be so hard again,† he said with satisfaction. â€Å"Was that very hard for you?† â€Å"Not nearly as bad as I imagined it would be. And you?† â€Å"No, it wasn't bad†¦ for me.† He smiled at my inflection. â€Å"You know what I mean.† I smiled. â€Å"Here.† He took my hand and placed it against his cheek. â€Å"Do you feel how warm it is?† And it was almost warm, his usually icy skin. But I barely noticed, for I was touching his face, something I'd dreamed of constantly since the first day I'd seen him. â€Å"Don't move,† I whispered. No one could be still like Edward. He closed his eyes and became as immobile as stone, a carving under my hand. I moved even more slowly than he had, careful not to make one unexpected move. I caressed his cheek, delicately stroked his eyelid, the purple shadow in the hollow under his eye. I traced the shape of his perfect nose, and then, so carefully, his flawless lips. His lips parted under my hand, and I could feel his cool breath on my fingertips. I wanted to lean in, to inhale the scent of him. So I dropped my hand and leaned away, not wanting to push him too far. He opened his eyes, and they were hungry. Not in a way to make me fear, but rather to tighten the muscles in the pit of my stomach and send my pulse hammering through my veins again. â€Å"I wish,† he whispered, â€Å"I wish you could feel the†¦ complexity†¦ the confusion†¦ I feel. That you could understand.† He raised his hand to my hair, then carefully brushed it across my face. â€Å"Tell me,† I breathed. â€Å"I don't think I can. I've told you, on the one hand, the hunger – the thirst – that, deplorable creature that I am, I feel for you. And I think you can understand that, to an extent. Though† – he half-smiled – â€Å"as you are not addicted to any illegal substances, you probably can't empathize completely. â€Å"But†¦Ã¢â‚¬  His fingers touched my lips lightly, making me shiver again. â€Å"There are other hungers. Hungers I don't even understand, that are foreign to me.† â€Å"I may understand that better than you think.† â€Å"I'm not used to feeling so human. Is it always like this?† â€Å"For me?† I paused. â€Å"No, never. Never before this.† He held my hands between his. They felt so feeble in his iron strength. â€Å"I don't know how to be close to you,† he admitted. â€Å"I don't know if I can.† I leaned forward very slowly, cautioning him with my eyes. I placed my cheek against his stone chest. I could hear his breath, and nothing else. â€Å"This is enough,† I sighed, closing my eyes. In a very human gesture, he put his arms around me and pressed his face against my hair. â€Å"You're better at this than you give yourself credit for,† I noted. â€Å"I have human instincts – they may be buried deep, but they're there.† We sat like that for another immeasurable moment; I wondered if he could be as unwilling to move as I was. But I could see the light was fading, the shadows of the forest beginning to touch us, and I sighed. â€Å"You have to go.† â€Å"I thought you couldn't read my mind.† â€Å"It's getting clearer.† I could hear a smile in his voice. He took my shoulders and I looked into his face. â€Å"Can I show you something?† he asked, sudden excitement flaring in his eyes. â€Å"Show me what?† â€Å"I'll show you how I travel in the forest.† He saw my expression. â€Å"Don't worry, you'll be very safe, and we'll get to your truck much faster.† His mouth twitched up into that crooked smile so beautiful my heart nearly stopped. â€Å"Will you turn into a bat?† I asked warily. He laughed, louder than I'd ever heard. â€Å"Like I haven't heard that one before!† â€Å"Right, I'm sure you get that all the time.† â€Å"Come on, little coward, climb on my back.† I waited to see if he was kidding, but, apparently, he meant it. He smiled as he read my hesitation, and reached for me. My heart reacted; even though he couldn't hear my thoughts, my pulse always gave me away. He then proceeded to sling me onto his back, with very little effort on my part, besides, when in place, clamping my legs and arms so tightly around him that it would choke a normal person. It was like clinging to a stone. â€Å"I'm a bit heavier than your average backpack,† I warned. â€Å"Hah!† he snorted. I could almost hear his eyes rolling. I'd never seen him in such high spirits before. He startled me, suddenly grabbing my hand, pressing my palm to his face, and inhaling deeply. â€Å"Easier all the time,† he muttered. And then he was running. If I'd ever feared death before in his presence, it was nothing compared to how I felt now. He streaked through the dark, thick underbrush of the forest like a bullet, like a ghost. There was no sound, no evidence that his feet touched the earth. His breathing never changed, never indicated any effort. But the trees flew by at deadly speeds, always missing us by inches. I was too terrified to close my eyes, though the cool forest air whipped against my face and burned them. I felt as if I were stupidly sticking my head out the window of an airplane in flight. And, for the first time in my life, I felt the dizzy faintness of motion sickness. Then it was over. We'd hiked hours this morning to reach Edward's meadow, and now, in a matter of minutes, we were back to the truck. â€Å"Exhilarating, isn't it?† His voice was high, excited. He stood motionless, waiting for me to climb down. I tried, but my muscles wouldn't respond. My arms and legs stayed locked around him while my head spun uncomfortably. â€Å"Bella?† he asked, anxious now. â€Å"I think I need to lie down,† I gasped. â€Å"Oh, sorry.† He waited for me, but I still couldn't move. â€Å"I think I need help,† I admitted. He laughed quietly, and gently unloosened my stranglehold on his neck. There was no resisting the iron strength of his hands. Then he pulled me around to face him, cradling me in his arms like a small child. He held me for a moment, then carefully placed me on the springy ferns. â€Å"How do you feel?† he asked. I couldn't be sure how I felt when my head was spinning so crazily. â€Å"Dizzy, I think.† â€Å"Put your head between your knees.† I tried that, and it helped a little. I breathed in and out slowly, keeping my head very still. I felt him sitting beside me. The moments passed, and eventually I found that I could raise my head. There was a hollow ringing sound in my ears. â€Å"I guess that wasn't the best idea,† he mused. I tried to be positive, but my voice was weak. â€Å"No, it was very interesting.† â€Å"Hah! You're as white as a ghost – no, you're as white as me!† â€Å"I think I should have closed my eyes.† â€Å"Remember that next time.† â€Å"Next time!† I groaned. He laughed, his mood still radiant. â€Å"Show-off,† I muttered. â€Å"Open your eyes, Bella,† he said quietly. And he was right there, his face so close to mine. His beauty stunned my mind – it was too much, an excess I couldn't grow accustomed to. â€Å"I was thinking, while I was running†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He paused. â€Å"About not hitting the trees, I hope.† â€Å"Silly Bella,† he chuckled. â€Å"Running is second nature to me, it's not something I have to think about.† â€Å"Show-off,† I muttered again. He smiled. â€Å"No,† he continued, â€Å"I was thinking there was something I wanted to try.† And he took my face in his hands again. I couldn't breathe. He hesitated – not in the normal way, the human way. Not the way a man might hesitate before he kissed a woman, to gauge her reaction, to see how he would be received. Perhaps he would hesitate to prolong the moment, that ideal moment of anticipation, sometimes better than the kiss itself. Edward hesitated to test himself, to see if this was safe, to make sure he was still in control of his need. And then his cold, marble lips pressed very softly against mine. What neither of us was prepared for was my response. Blood boiled under my skin, burned in my lips. My breath came in a wild gasp. My fingers knotted in his hair, clutching him to me. My lips parted as I breathed in his heady scent. Immediately I felt him turn to unresponsive stone beneath my lips. His hands gently, but with irresistible force, pushed my face back. I opened my eyes and saw his guarded expression. â€Å"Oops,† I breathed. â€Å"That's an understatement.† His eyes were wild, his jaw clenched in acute restraint, yet he didn't lapse from his perfect articulation. He held my face just inches from his. He dazzled my eyes. â€Å"Should I†¦ ?† I tried to disengage myself, to give him some room. His hands refused to let me move so much as an inch. â€Å"No, it's tolerable. Wait for a moment, please.† His voice was polite, controlled. I kept my eyes on his, watched as the excitement in them faded and gentled. Then he smiled a surprisingly impish grin. â€Å"There,† he said, obviously pleased with himself. â€Å"Tolerable?† I asked. He laughed aloud. â€Å"I'm stronger than I thought. It's nice to know.† â€Å"I wish I could say the same. I'm sorry.† â€Å"You are only human, after all.† â€Å"Thanks so much,† I said, my voice acerbic. He was on his feet in one of his lithe, almost invisibly quick movements. He held out his hand to me, an unexpected gesture. I was so used to our standard of careful non-contact. I took his icy hand, needing the support more than I thought. My balance had not yet returned. â€Å"Are you still faint from the run? Or was it my kissing expertise?† How lighthearted, how human he seemed as he laughed now, his seraphic face untroubled. He was a different Edward than the one I had known. And I felt all the more besotted by him. It would cause me physical pain to be separated from him now. â€Å"I can't be sure, I'm still woozy,† I managed to respond. â€Å"I think it's some of both, though.† â€Å"Maybe you should let me drive.† â€Å"Are you insane?† I protested. â€Å"I can drive better than you on your best day,† he teased. â€Å"You have much slower reflexes.† â€Å"I'm sure that's true, but I don't think my nerves, or my truck, could take it.† â€Å"Some trust, please, Bella.† My hand was in my pocket, curled tightly around the key. I pursed my lips, deliberated, then shook my head with a tight grin. â€Å"Nope. Not a chance.† He raised his eyebrows in disbelief. I started to step around him, heading for the driver's side. He might have let me pass if I hadn't wobbled slightly. Then again, he might not have. His arm created an inescapable snare around my waist. â€Å"Bella, I've already expended a great deal of personal effort at this point to keep you alive. I'm not about to let you behind the wheel of a vehicle when you can't even walk straight. Besides, friends don't let friends drive drunk,† he quoted with a chuckle. I could smell the unbearably sweet fragrance coming off his chest. â€Å"Drunk?† I objected. â€Å"You're intoxicated by my very presence.† He was grinning that playful smirk again. â€Å"I can't argue with that,† I sighed. There was no way around it; I couldn't resist him in anything. I held the key high and dropped it, watching his hand flash like lightning to catch it soundlessly. â€Å"Take it easy – my truck is a senior citizen.† â€Å"Very sensible,† he approved. â€Å"And are you not affected at all?† I asked, irked. â€Å"By my presence?† Again his mobile features transformed, his expression became soft, warm. He didn't answer at first; he simply bent his face to mine, and brushed his lips slowly along my jaw, from my ear to my chin, back and forth. I trembled. â€Å"Regardless,† he finally murmured, â€Å"I have better reflexes.†

Articles of Confederation vs Constitution Essay

The Articles of Confederation and United States Constitution are two documents that shaped the U.S. government into what it is today. The Articles of Confederation (AOC) was the first Constitution of the United States. Americans soon realized that this document had to be substantially modified because the U.S. needed a stronger government. The AOC was thought of as an ineffective national government document, although there were some strong points. The AOC was ratified in 1781, and replaced by an improved document known as the United States Constitution in 1789. An unknown person once said, â€Å"Perhaps the greatest service rendered by the Articles of Confederation was the impetus its shortcomings gave to those who favored a strong central government.† This is an analytical essay supporting this quote by comparing the strengths, weaknesses, and achievements of the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution. The AOC gave Congress many powers which included: the right to declare war, develop foreign policy, regulate Native American activity in the territories, coin money, run post offices, borrow money, and appoint military officers. Although the AOC seemed to have a lot of power, there were also several underlying weaknesses and problems that were not initially addressed. As a result the United States Constitution came into action. This document essentially addressed all the underlying problems of the AOC. The AOC did not allow Congress to levy taxes on individuals which the Constitution addressed. The AOC had no federal court system so the Constitution had a dynamic court system in place which was created to deal with issues between citizens and the states. The AOC offered no regulation of trade between states and interstate commerce. The Constitution gave Congress the right to regulate trade between states and control interstate commerce. The AOC had no executive power; the president of the United States simply presided over Congress until the ratification of the Constitution which created the Executive branch. This was designed to give the president a more powerful role in the government. The Executive branch gave the president power to choose his Cabinet members and checks on the power of the judicial and legislative branches. The AOC offered little hope if Congress or the states needed to amend any documents as it called for 100% (13/13) of participants  to agree. The Constitution made it to where a 2/3 vote of both houses of Congress, plus a 3/4 vote of state legislatures or national convention could amend a document. In the AOC the representation of states was flawed as it said each state were to receive 1 vote regardless of siz e. The Constitution in turn fixed this by making the upper house (Senate)give each state 2 votes and the lower house (House of Representatives) is based on population. The AOC did not allow Congress to recruit military troops, but was dependent on states to contribute forces. The Constitution allows for Congress to raise an army when needed in military situations. The AOC had a complicated system of arbitration in effect and the Constitution issued federal courts the right to handle disputes. Sovereignty was an issue while the AOC were in place as it resided in the states whereas the Constitution created the supreme law of the land. When passing law the AOC required 9/13 to approve legislation and the Constitution made it majority vote in both houses plus the signature of the President. The AOC faced many challenges and did not maintain order as the United States needed. It essentially did not work for the United States which is why the ratification of it is such a historical outcome of the United States. All these ratifications of the AOC did not come so simple to the United States. There was a Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia on May 25, 1787 to solve the problems of the AOC. It was at this convention that many plans were proposed, and compromises were reached. The weaknesses of the AOC had to be addressed. The first plan introduced by Governor Edmund Randolph, was the Virginia Plan, better known as the Large State Plan, called for a strong national government with bicameral legislation apportioned by population. This plan also called for the lower house to be elected directly by the people and the upper house to be elected by the lower house. This plan as well called for a Chief Executive and a Federal Court system, and it gave Congress the power to tax and regulate interstate commerce. The Large State Plan gave the national government the power to legislate, and gave a proposed national Council of Revision a veto power over state legislatures. The delegates loved the sound of this fundamental reform plan. The Virginia Plan struck opposition among delegates from the smaller states and thus a competing plan, presented by William Patterson, known as the New Jersey  Plan, or Small State Plan, came into action. This plan kept federal powers rather limited and created no new Congress. Instead, the plan enlarged some of the supremacies then held by the Continental Congress. It also called for a plural executive branch and a federal court system like the Virginia Plan. This plan was not as highly sought out as the Virginia Plan, so in turn was rejected which caused the supporters of the Virginia Plan to make amends to the smaller states. This in turn resulted in members of the Senate being elected by the state legislatures. After the Virginia and New Jersey Plan delegate s worked out a series of compromises between these competing plans. The first was The Great Compromise, or the Connecticut Compromise, which resulted in a bicameral legislature: House of Representatives (lower house), which was representation based on population, and the Senate (upper house), which was based on equal representation where each state would have 2 senators selected by the state legislatures. Another compromise reached was The Three-fifths Compromise. This was proposed over the â€Å"counting† of slaves and it determined that slaves would be counted as three-fifths of a vote for both purposes of taxation, and purposes of representation in the House of Representatives. On September 17, 1787, a majority of the delegates to the Constitutional Convention approved the documents over which they had labored since May. To ratify the Constitution it was determined that 9 of the 13 states had to agree to the ratification in order for the new Constitution to go into effect. Although 9 states is all the government needed to ratify the new document, Congress knew it was important to get the support of the large states, New York and Virginia, in order for the new government to be effective. Delaware was the first state to ratify and soon after 4 more states joined in on the ratification. There were those who favored ratification, better known as the Federalists, and those who opposed the ratification, known as Anti-federalists. The Federalists fought back and convinced the states that rejection of the Constitution would result in anarchy and civil strife. The Anti-federalists argued against the ratification that the delegates in Philadelphia had exceeded their congressional authority by replacing the AOC with an illegal new document. Others protested that the delegates in Philadelphia represent only the noble few, and thus hand crafted a document that saved their special interests and set aside the franchise for the propertied classes. The Anti-federalists  also argued that the Constitution would give too much power to the central government at the expense of the states, and that a representative government could not manage a republic as large as the United States. The biggest objection by the Anti-federalists was the Constitutional Convention had failed to adopt a Bill of Rights. The Federalists believed that the Constitution was so constrained that it posed no threat to the rights of citizens. It was clear in order to get the remainder of the states on the ratification side that the government had to put a Bill of Rights in place. The Federalist assured the public that the first step of the new government would adopt a Bill of Rights. Soon after, The Federalist Papers were written by John Jay and Alexander Hamilton of New York, and James Madison of Virginia. This document encouraged the ratification of the Constitution. These papers circulated through New York and other states and soon after ratification passed in the New York and Virginia state conventions. The last and final state to ratify the Constitution was Rhode Island. After it was faced with threatened treatment as a foreign government, it passed ratification of May 29, 1790.

Part of an IMC plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Part of an IMC plan - Essay Example his own, William Wrigley formed the Wrigley’s Company and began manufacturing chewing gum and so far, since its inception the company has been marketing sugar free chewing gum. The company currently targets the youthful market segment. The individuals in this market segment are aged between 18 to 34 years (Data Monitor 2009). A second target market for the gum manufacturer is younger children aged between 5 to 12 years (Wrigley, 2014). With the help of the company’s marketing agency, Energy BBDO, Wrigley’s marketed their brands to the youthful target group by blending in with the pop culture in the U.S (Jargon, 2013). The company used celebrities such as Snoop Dog and popular TV channel MTV in the advertisement campaign of their gums (Mattern 2011). The Wrigley’s 5 chewing gum is packed in an appealing and attractive pack containing twelve sticks of gum. The product branded as 5 evolution introduced sweet-to-sour pear flavor. The gum changes the flavor when it is been chewed. The sugar free gum that targets kids comes in attracting and kid-friendly packaged designs. The gum is sold in an assortment of banana, strawberry, and original bubble gum flavors. The gum is packed in a 14-piece envelope or a multipack bag with ten, six-piece micro packs that are great for the tiny hands of children. The youthful market chews gum for a number of reasons. Research noted that the youthful market chewed gum as a culture. Individuals in this market segment associated with the pop culture considered chewing gum as part of the culture. In addition, most of the consumers in this market segment chew gum to keep their breath fresh. Many youthful individuals interviewed by Jargon (2013) agreed that they carried a packet or two of chewing gum when going for dates. Various youthful individuals in dental care also used the product. The seal of acceptance by the American Dental Association influenced the choice of many youths to chew gum. The dental benefits that individuals

Contemporary Fashion Marketing Trends Assignment

Contemporary Fashion Marketing Trends - Assignment Example The paper "Contemporary Fashion Marketing Trends" analyzes the trends of the Contemporary Fashion. This paper explores the contemporary fashion marketing trends that will be prominent in the next 5 years, particularly in the global fashion industry. Over the next five years, some fashion trends will be influential, especially in the international platform. They will be influential in the sense that technology will play a key role in all aspects of fashion marketing. In essence, the digitization of the fashion marketing industry will revolutionize the industry in the sense that most customers will get the latest fashion updates via online platforms. Although technology has revolutionized the fashion industry on a significant scale, the next five years will see the globalization of the fashion industry. Customers and prospective customers will receive all the information that they require through digital platforms. The contemporary fashion industry players will also conduct most of the ir marketing via digital platforms in order to reach a global clientele. Social network will be more influential in the fashion industry in the next five years that it is today. When it comes to sustainability, the contemporary fashion marketing is set to evolve in line with the highly dynamic world and fashion market. As the world advanced into the 21st century, more industries, including the fashion industry, are becoming environmentally conscious. It means that any contemporary or future fashion marketing.

Ethology on monogamy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethology on monogamy - Essay Example In the work of Eibl-Eibesfeldt it is arguable that men have a higher reproduction potential as opposed to women (235). This means that men can produce as many children as possible as opposed to the women (Eibl-Eibesfeldt 235). Ethologists also argue that men hold the perception that they can produce children, not take care of them and get away with it. The society in this case, has been categorized as a patriarchal one that sees propagation of genes, by the ones in control of the natural resources the means of production in the society (Eibl-Eibesfeldt 235). This trend needs to be replaced by monogamy. On the contrary, I would argue against this fact by indicating that women also have a way of accessing means of production, and having the number of children they wish as opposed to the archaic times. This will prevent the rising of groups of promiscuous men in the society. Adultery should, therefore, not be termed as a norm in the society. Eibl-Eibesfeldt says that in the globe today, women are also polyandrous, whereby women can marry as many men as they wish (236). Systems have in this case been reversed. On another viewpoint, Eibl-Eibesfeldt indicates that hyper-sexualization is immoral (235). In human beings, sexual behavior is as well for bonding as opposed to procreation exclusively. Besides the need to have children, there is need for a couple to have extended needs with their couples. Both the man and woman are able to care for children, usual for Homo sapiens. Group marriages are then disqualified; thus, man is not allowed to fall in love with other females (Eibl-Eibesfeld t 236). Sexual freedom is then confined to one person; an argument that leads to Eibl-Eibesfeldt indicating that patriarchal families need to be dissolved as they are unnatural and exploitive (236). Monogamous families are victorious, as one gender mostly the woman paves way for the leadership of the male as the head of the family, as opposed to the polygamous families, that have various centers of power. Jensen says that in monogamous marriages, both males and females bond for a while, and that both parents contribute to caring for the offspring (80). This clearly indicates that the males have no justification of leaving the child behind with the mother on the basis that the women need to care for the children. The males then have no time to look for other women but contribute equally in caring for their offspring. This concurs to the thoughts of Joanna, who indicates that monogamy is not an exception, but to a certain extent, a rule that ought to be adhered to by humans (256). Joa nna also indicates that females, without paternal assistance are clearly unable to raise their off springs in the right manner (263). The research also indicates that males and females need to take turns in caring for the child, an aspect that leads to the males having no option, but to care for their child, and not shift their attention to other females. Adultery, in this case, is forbidden. On a lighter note, Jensen indicates that men ought not to be monogamous as males will only maximize their reproductive prowess by assisting their mates in a joint offspring upbringing (80). Breeding with a huge number of females, creates a harsh situation whereby the females cannot defend themselves against competitors of the means of production, with the existing scarce resources. Additionally, males should not be polygamous as the physical environment is too insensitive and callous in a manner that the females cannot provide for their offspring single- handedly. Monogamous men are also instru mental in the planning of breeding dates; thus, ease the

Are Marketers to Blame for Fat Kids Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Are Marketers to Blame for Fat Kids - Essay Example The researcher states that in accordance with the data of Australian health and fitness survey it identified that 11% of children’s are suffering from overweight problems. These children’s are subjected to more diseases and illness which may affect their quality of life in adulthood. Marketers cannot be blamed for fat children’s. There can be other aspects which can make a child fat one cannot blame just marketing such as parents influence, social factors etc. So parents should try to protect their children’s from having unhealthy food. Parents have vast influence on the diet of children. They are the one who shapes their diet because a child firstly learns to eat from home. Parents have more effect on the child’s diet rather than the marketers. It is believed that marketing of food contributes to the rising level of obesity in children’s, which is partly true. Obesity prevention mostly starts at school life of a child. First years of life th at is from a child age to adult age, requires continuous prevention from parents. These periods are most significant which involves rapid transactions and high plasticity and mainly parents are the one who controls child experiences and environment. The main tasks parents possess in early development points to their child potential are the key targets and likelihood of change in early preventive interventions. Mainly parent’s behavior and their feeding practices affect a Childs eating habits and risk related to obesity. They are the one who is responsible to take preventive measures in case a child becomes too fat. Social media, advertising, television etc cannot be considered as the basic reason for Childs fatness or eating unhealthy food. A report identified that 67.3% of parents are concerned about their children’s having unhealthy food. If a child is not subjected to eat unhealthy food and snacks in a home, he gets habitual of it outside in the society, school etc. because each child has different family patterns than the other. Influence of parents is also subjected to the economic status of the family, in case if the family has low income or parents are not educated, so they would be less concerned about weight-related behaviors. This means children would be watching more TV, consumption of fast food, and junk food every day. This will lead to unhealthy eating and weight problems.

Persuasive Email Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Persuasive Email - Essay Example Currently, they are working with one on one programs’ to assist adults in training and are providing basic courses for both children and adults that want to learn how to read. The implementation of the several initiatives by the Read for Life network has grown in demand so much that it now doesn’t have enough tutors for those that are illiterate in the community. As you may know, El Paso, Texas has the highest illiteracy rate in the nation, and three other Texas cities are in the top 10 with the highest illiteracy rate. You may also know that the literacy centers in the area are not available to those who have strenuous jobs, one parent families, odd working hours or to those who are in need financially1. By joining this venture, you will be giving back in one of the most needed areas of the community, while assisting a non – profit organization that is growing in demand. If you are interested in volunteering for Read for Life, please speak with me or contact Read for Life through the library, where they hold tutoring classes daily. I am willing to give volunteers 2 hours of paid time from work to volunteer and assist two adults per week. You will be able to take this time from work to help illiterate adults with one on one interaction while assisting a continuous need in the community. If you are interested in volunteering during hours that are outside of work, you can also speak with me about finding a representative for Read for

Laboratory Report of an experiment on Optical Fibre Transmission Lab

Laboratory of an experiment on Optical Fibre Transmission - Lab Report Example Optical fibre is popular as a global means of telecommunication. The study of the signal generation and wavelength regulation in fibre optic systems is vital in the design and improvement of systems by optimizing the configuration properties. Fibre Optic communication system uses the physical principle of light reflection. As light travels through various media, depending on the density of the medium, the light goes through total internal reflection. This takes place when light is propagated inside a transmission medium with a greater optical density than that of the medium outside. This property depends on the difference of the speed of light inside various mediums. The ratio of the speeds between the mediums and the speed of light in a vacuum is referred to as the refractive index of that specific material or the medium. In this model, N1 is the refractive index of material 1 and N2 is the refractive index of material 2 which the light passes through. Angle ÃŽ ¸1 represents the angle of incident while ÃŽ ¸2 represents the angle of refraction in the boundary between the two light transmitting materials. When light moves from a medium with a higher refractive index than that of a lower refractive index, the angle of refraction can be shown to be 90Â º at critical angle ÃŽ ¸c. This is represented in the model below. Above the incident angle, in the boundary between the materials of higher refractive index and that of low refractive index, there is a total internal reflection of the light. Therefore, the fibre is made as thin as possible to maximize the size of the incident angle and ensure that it is always higher than the critical angle. Even though it is possible to direct the inside an optical fibre, it is vital to decide on the way the input signal ought to be reduced on the basis of its frequency of that signal. This is a safe way of transmission in

The Difference Between Efficiency And Effectiveness Essay

The Difference Between Efficiency And Effectiveness - Essay Example Performance is usually a measure of whether a target has been reached or not. In the case of effectiveness, performance is enhanced as it measures the degree to which an organization meets its target objectives, while efficiency measures that which are used in the achievement of the objectives. In both instances, there is no measure of performance and hence none is more important in such a perspective. Performance is mainly attributed towards the result rather than the process used in realizing the results. In an instance in which minimal resources are used and no objective is met then the performance is reduced, and additionally, if the target is not met regardless of the effectiveness of the process, the performance is low. One aspect of significant importance in both instances is that organizations, managers can improve both simultaneously. Managers usually work towards attaining certain goals for profitability while at the same working on minimizing the associated resources such as time and costs. It is evident that a manager can improve both efficiency and effectiveness simultaneously. In the current business world, numerous ethical issues are experienced ranging from simple to complex issues. One of the greatest issues is that of inversion of privacy, a contribution of technology and communication, which has become an integral part of organizations towards achieving their objectives. In order to understand an ethical issue, it is best to find out the moral obligation behind it.  

Consent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Consent - Essay Example Treatment review occurs only when treatment is new, controversial or bordering on the experimental. Ethics and credential committees perform such reviews. Other licensing or regulatory bodies that require adherence to similar guidelines govern organizations not receiving funds from the Canadian or American federal governments. Individual researchers who do not receive government funding and who do not belong to an organization are not required to adhere to such regulations. However, adherence to the guidelines is recommended for good practice, research and citizenship and to avoid legal liability. When organizations or groups without ethical review boards propose research, a university, hospital, licensing or professional organization, or another institution does reviews. Psychologists performing research or working within provincial or state agencies may need to follow additional guidelines. Individual researchers and practitioners are required to follow consent guidelines in lock step. Thus, consent information is usually given through a typed document with a set order of information. Unfortunately, these documents are often long and complex and require a college education in order to be understood by the participant. In addition, the order in which information is presented can make comprehension difficult for the participant. The complexity of informed consent documents prompts many to return to old complaints about the intrusion of ethics review bodies into research or treatment and the impracticality of consent. In order to improve the consent process, empirical studies of the efficiency and value of current methods are necessary. Instead of spawning such research, complaints have led to a lessening of consent requirements. For example, an exempt-from-ethics-review status for research designated as no risk has been introduced other jurisdictions simply maintain existing general guidelines. Coal of Consent The cause for this requirement of accomplishment comprise: a partial view of consent, bewilderment over what constitutes "informing," the techniques of achieving consent, the lack of a comprehensive theoretical base for consent, and reluctance by researchers. The imaginary view that individuals have the right to make assessment for themselves forms the root for well-versed consent. Nevertheless, this philosophy was included into consent guidelines only after frequent subject and patient mistreatment. Changes in consent processes have often been reason by political view rather than empirical study of informed consent. As a result, many researchers and practitioners view consent as a necessary burden rather than a useful adjunct to good research or practice. At the same time, current consent methods are perceived as optimal, even in the face of contrary evidence. Just as past guidelines, new requirements for ensuring scientific integrity have been established without empirical study. While some rules have been

Ellen and Edward represent Essay Example for Free

Ellen and Edward represent Essay Ellen and Edward represent the dynamic challenge of working with two people who enter therapy together, but present different levels of clinical symptomatology. In this case, Ellen appears to be experiencing the most difficulty functioning in her life. She reports a lack of energy, persistent sadness, and even occasional suicidal ideation. These problems are not new for Ellen as she has likely suffered from clinical depression for several years. Her termination of individual therapy may have triggered or intensified her recent increase in symptoms. Ellen’s diagnosis is Major Depressive Disorder. Her severity ranges from moderate to severe. At this time, Edward does not meet criteria for any Axis I disorders, but further information would be necessary to understand his personality and other areas of functioning more thoroughly. Neither member of this partnership meets criteria for an Axis II diagnosis. There are no medical conditions reported and therefore, no Axis III diagnosis. Axis IV psychosocial problems for Ellen include her previous abuse. As a couple, psychosocial difficulties include communication problems and marital discord. Ellen’s GAF is estimated to be 35 while Edward is functioning more effectively at a GAF of 65. The couple’s level of functioning is more reflective of Ellen’s more severe difficulties (Weeks Hof, 1995). They are failing to communicate, meet basic needs of the household, and sustain meaningful aspects of the relationships. Because Ellen has experienced a mood disturbance for longer than the duration of her marriage, it is possible that even her mate selection of Edward was related to her diagnosis (Weeks Hof, 1995). For this reason, Ellen’s individual diagnosis should be seen in the context of the relationship for the purposes of couple’s therapy. It is an integral part of their relationship and cannot be extracted if the couple wishes to fortify their relationship through marital counseling. Ellen would still be encouraged to seek her own individual therapy and consultation with a psychiatrist to address the severity of her depression. Ellen’s diagnosis was reached through the decision-tree method presented in the DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). This method is a thorough way to match the presenting symptoms to the most appropriate clinical diagnosis. In this case, Ellen’s experience of a mood disorder was clear early in the initial session. The details she described about her past provided enough clinical information to eliminate bipolar disorders and more mild forms of depression. Major depressive disorder encompasses the duration and severity (i. e. occasional suicidal ideation) of her condition. The single criticism of the decision-tree method may be its tendency to over-diagnose. While this client clearly met criteria, there are very few paths out of the decision-tree should a client present mild symptoms that do not yet merit a full diagnosis. There are many different medication options that may supplement Ellen’s participation in psychotherapy. Lexapro and Zoloft, members of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class, may be useful. If Ellen does not respond to these drugs or is at-risk for their adverse side-effects, Wellbutrin is another option. This drug has a complete different action mechanism than the others in the SSRI class. Ellen’s response and compliance with any antidepressant medication should be monitored closely. Her history of abruptly terminating treatment could indicate a potential to also stop taking her medication without warning. Many antidepressants need to be tapered off in gradually decreasing dosages. Abruptly ceasing treatment can cause dangerous side effects. References American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM IV- TR. (4th ed. ). Washington, DC: Author. Weeks, G. R. Hof, L. (1995) Integrative Solutions: Treating common problems in couples therapy. New York: Psychology Press.

FTA of Main Landing Gear Systems

FTA of Main Landing Gear Systems FTA OF MAIN LANDING GEAR SYSTEMS Main Landing Gear System For any aircraft landing gear is the undercarriage which support the craft when it’s not flying, until it to take off and during landing. Landing gear hold net weight of whole aircraft during taxing without any damage. Fig: A380 main landing gear configuration Components of landing gear The materials used to construct gear components are of great importance and are selected as per their properties The main components of landing gear are: Down-lock and drag brace Retraction actuators, Rotational actuators Trunnion Forward trunnion braces Metering pin extension Rotational Lockpins Aft braces Oleo cylinder Oleo piston Axle beam fold and compensation actuator Brake assembly Tires and wheels Sensing wheel Axle beam assembly Failure of lading gear In this part we discussed about the Ductile and Brittle Failure, Stress Corrosion Cracking, Stress Rapture, Fatigue Cracking Failure Dynamic Failure, Landing gear Spring Failure and Wheel Failure. We analyzed these possible problem and construct suitable fault tree analysis in order to identify failure condition in brief. The objective of constructing the fault tree is to investigate and analyze the possible failures and different components and systems of the landing gear with their consequences and solutions. In the case of mechanical failures: There are 12 types of failures Excessive, deflection , thermal shock, impact creep, relaxation, brittle fracture, ductile fracture, wear, spring, failure, corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, and various type of fatigue. On the basis of this problem that can occurs in main landing gear we construct the fault tree to identify the failure condition and met the requirements. Materials for landing gear The materials used for the landing gear are High strength steel Titanium Aluminum Failure mechanism of landing gear Fatigue cracking failure Mostly aircrafts and military experience serious damage and the fatigue. Stress corrosion cracking This SCC is caused by synergy between a corrosive environment and a mechanical tensile stree Dynamic failure When aircraft land on the ground tricycle landing gear and load affected by the ground/pavement response are distributed on the and can cause problem. Landing gear spring failure Here micro cracks acted as stress concentration as well initiation crack site leading the spring to fracture due to fatigue Wheel failure During landing wheel experienced a lot of pressure. Due to this over pressure that could damage 4.2 The fault tree of typical main landing gear system: The main purpose of constructing fault tree is, in order to identify the possible failure of any system which can occurs in any manner. In case of main landing gear, fault tree can be construct on the basis of two main conditions: Fault tree analysis for failure condition 511: one or both MLG fail to extend and down lock with false down and locked indication. Fault tree analysis for failure condition 511: one or both MLG fail to extend and down lock. Between these two failure conditions of main landing gear, I choose to analyzed fault tree analysis for failure comdititon511: one or both MLG fail to extend and down lock with false down and locked indication. The analysis based on fault tree My main object of constructing this fault tree is to identify the typical failure condition of main landing gear in order to save aircraft from it’s hazardous failure As we need to take safety procedure for every parts of aircraft, landing gear is also aspect which cause aircraft in a dangerous mode So in order to overcome this failure of landing gear and for the safety of aircraft, I finally decide and came to know the purpose of failing landing gear and what can be the cause for this. With the help of fault tree analysis, we analyzed the each and every problem inside the landing gear and try to overcome by constructing fault tree In case of LH or RH or both MLG fail to extend and down lock with false down and locked indication, pilot receive alert. So while construction fault tree we take as a main event by using event symbol as shown in fault tree. After we decided main event than we analyzed for the cause of it by using the Boolean symbol called AND gate. We use AND gate so that we could analyze all next true lower level condition which can possibly occur. Possible cause of man landing gear are false LG down position indication and LH or RH MLG fail to extend and down lock. Still there are some cause to fail these two components, which we will define by Boolean logic symbol call OR gate. The purpose of OR gate is to identify among of various possible problem if any of one or more of the next lower level event are true for failure of above condition. In fault tree analysis we solved the problem and come to the conclusion with what if, and with the help of various Boolean logic symbols. The main event that I mention in the top is not only the problem that cause landing gear to fail but also the lower level parameters which fails landing gear fails. When we look from external and if landing gear is not extend during landing than we conclude that the landing gear doesn’t work. But besides engineer who work in the field of safety assessment, other observer will just guess just the landing gear fail. We never thought of what cause the landing gear fails. As per landing gear consists various components so the probability of failure also high. If small components for example spring fails, than the landing gear fail.so in order to overcome these all possible failure fault tree is constructed. Among of various symbols and representation, AND and OR gate plays vital role to make all possible decision for failure. Determination of minimal cut set for fault tree analysis Minimal cut set is define as a combination of primary events sufficient for the top event, on other words intersection of primary event. The main objective of representing a fault tree in terms of various Boolean equations is that these equations can then be used to determine the fault tree’s minimal cut sets and minimal path sets. While we obtain the minimal cut set, the quantification of the fault tree is more or less straightforward. For every fault tree will consists of finite number of minimal cut sets that are unique for that event. There are two kind of minimal cut sets which can occurs the top event to occur. One components minimal cut sets, if there are any, represent those single failures that will cause the top event to occur. Whereas two-components minimal cut sets represents the double failures that together will cause the top event to occur. Similarly for an n- components minimal cut set, all n components in the cut set must fail in order for the top event to occur. The calculation of minimal cut-sets The minimal cut sets expression for the top event can be written as in the general form T = M1 + M2 +†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦+Mk, Here the terms T is the top event and Mi are the minimal cut sets. Whereas for the each minimal cut sets for n-components minimal cut set can be represents as Mi = X1X2.,†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Xn Here the X1 and X2 , etc represents the basic components failure in the fault tree analysis I represents my above failure events as ABC, T is top event caused by all lower level events. Here I want to mention the example of top event expression is T = A + B.C Here A, B and C are components failures. In this example [A] represents the one-components minimal cut set whereas [B.C] represents the tow-components minimal cut set. In order to determine the minimal cut sets of a fault tree, the tree should be translated first to its equivalent Boolean equations. Here I want to mention the example of calculation the minimal cut set to my fault tree The procedure to calculate the minimal cut sets of fault tree T = E1.E2 being AND gate E1 = A+ E3 being OR gate E3 = B+C being OR gate E2 = C+E4 being OR gate E4 = A.B being OR gate Substituting the top down first the expression of minimal cut can be expressed as below T = (A+E3) . (C+E4) = (A.C) + (E4.C) + (E4.A) + (E3.E4) Substituting for E3, T = (A.C) + (B+C).C + E4.A + (B+C). E4 = A.C + B+C + C.C + E4.A + E4.B + E4.C Here according to idempotent law, C.C = C, substituting this value to above equations T = A.C + B.C + C + E4.A + E4.B + E4.C. Again according to the law of absorption twice, A.C + B.C + C + E4.C = C Then the above results become, T = C + E4.A + E4.B Hence, substituting for E4, applying the law of absorption twice, T = C + (A.B).A + (A.B).B = C + A.B The minimal cut sets are thus C and A.B where, [C] is one- components and [A.B] is two-components minimal cut sets.

Christian Reflections On Money Sex And Power Religion Essay

Christian Reflections On Money Sex And Power Religion Essay Foster, Richard J., The Challenge of the Disciplined Life: Christian Reflections on Money, Sex Power (New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1985), pp 260. The Background Information on the Author Richard J. Forster is an author in the Quaker tradition of several bestselling books, including Celebration of Discipline, Streams of Living Water, and Prayer, which was Christianity todays book of the Year and the winner of the Gold Medallion Award from the Evangelical Christian Publishers Association. He has been a professor at Friends University and pastor of Evangelical Friends churches. He is also the founder of Renovarà © (Renovarà © exits to inspire and support people in developing an integrated and fulfilled life as a disciple of Jesus Christ). He was married to Carolynn in 1967 and has two children, Joel and Nathan and they now reside in Denver, Colorado. The Summary of Content As it is revealed in the title, the three issues are concepts that humankind has come together with them for a long. There are no more words that can be explained than these three words exactly and clearly. No one cannot be free and confidence in front of these words in this world. It might be tied to all three issues or some people might show their weaknesses in particular one. Then now, let us have a look at three religious points of view that what Richard Forster is trying to say. Money First, the Mammon which is the material idol that it is frequently discussed with God. The bible declares the money as a Mammon, gives a spiritual and personal quality, and gives adjective unrighteous (Luke 16:9) in front of money. The money to Jesus Christ means it is idolatry that we must turn against for heading toward him because the money decisively has almightiness upon us. Thus, the bible does not only criticise about unrighteous money, but also gives a strict warning to people who gained riches earnestly such as a rich man (Luke 16:19~31) in the parable of the Rich man and Lazarus and a rich farmer (Luke 12:13~21) who might have been honest and hard working. The author prescribes about the money that money is spiritual being and describes about light and dark side of money. It does not simply describe superficially, but it is speaking realistically in the biblical aspect. He emphasises to use money for a purpose of the kingdom of God rather than simply running away from it. To use money rather than served. It is emphasised mastering against money. Then, what can we do in regard to control and master against the money? It will have to learn to control money throughout giving which is insulting behaviour about money. The light side of money presents Gods grace and surprisingly, this is the way of improving relationship between God and us. God said that use worldly wealth to gain friends (Luke 16:9). We have to know about the poisonous matter of money clearly. However, we have to conquer money and use it for the uneconomic purpose rather than refusing money. Sex Second, it is the period of overflowing of sex without asking questions nowadays. There is no place anywhere in the street for our eyes because of every kind sex appeal as well as TV and Internet. The author says that the issue of our times these days is not because of too much emphasis on sex, but on the contrary, it is caused by not to be emphasised enough to deal with sex. It is a matter of course that the sex can destroy us if not to be careful and moderate by its characteristic. However, we miss blessing of sex, which is given to us as a gift due to our distortional eyes. The sex, which is not the enemy of Spirituality is a friend. The Genesis admits our sex, and the Song of Songs blesses it. However, the sin has distorted the sex. Therefore, the Christians challenge is to straighten our understanding of sex and transpose into the perfect appearance of sex throughout distortional appearance of sex. The principle of marriage in accordance with Gods will, should look out for other peoples happiness and ourselves, and contribute to building the kingdom of God on this world. The sex is a great and blessed gift in all respects those who married. Power Finally, he is saying about the power. As is generally known that the money is like power in this world, and the money, power and sex is all related to the corruption deeply. The power of the world appears destruction of the relationship due to distinction between the strong and the weak. This destructive power cut off the equal relationships and it appears that one human being reigns over one another. On the other hand, the creative power is completed from serving that we discover the creativity from the example of Jesus, who personally served to die for us. The creative power which recovers broken relationships and raises up each other, is displayed from the aspect of serving. On the positive side, the creative power gives life, joy and peace. It is freedom and not bondage, life and not death, transformation and not coercion. The creative power is spiritual and the power proceeds from God. Evaluation Does the author deal with both positive and negative side of issue? The author is saying both sides about the money and power. In respect of the power, he looks upon the creative power as positive side. What is the unique, important and interesting point of this book? First, the unique point is that it is saying about the money, sex and power. There are no more words that can be explained than these three words exactly and clearly. That is why this book is interesting. Who should read this book and what concepts of this book can be applied to ministry? The money, sex and power is important and meaningful theme that it is not only Christian but also all people. Christian may feel like a taboo about these three concepts but cannot live without it. Richard Foster analyses the money, sex and power which gives people a meaning and delivers Gods messages clearly. Conclusion We are occasionally living under the many temptations, and sometimes we are not aware that what it is right and wrong to be involved in a wave of the world and valves. Then most Christians reaction is one of two that either they forget the truth under the things of the world, or they treat things as corruption and evil and strongly deny them. For this reason, the author Richard Foster is deeply dealing with three areas which people easily fall into temptation that anyone is easy to commit a sin. The money and power is all given from God and these are neither good nor bad. However, there are surely two different sides on them. It is hard to agree with, but there must be evil force in there. By knowing this matter, when using good side, we could use money and power wisely that is given to us. The only sex has no evil part. This is Gods blessing to permit to us. However, it is feeling that many people give a too much meaning and concentrate on having a sex or not because the Satan may probably be interested in deteriorating our gift which is given from God. The money, sex and power, these three issues will be important value to control us. The money threatens a pocket, the sex threatens a bedroom and the power threatens our relationships. In this period of temptation that it is never discerned what is right and wrong, this book is useful and necessary indeed.

The Nature of Good and Evil in Stevensons The Strange case of Dr Jekyl

The Nature of Good and Evil in Stevenson's The Strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Introduction: Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is the story of a gifted doctor who discovers a drug which can release the evil side of one's nature. This drug changes Dr Jekyll into Mr Hyde. Stevenson does not reveal the details of Jekyll's story until the end of the novel, but presents the tale as mystery, in which the main characters try to figure out the identity of Mr Hyde and understand his strange relationship with Dr Jekyll. This story follows the gothic genre and below I will explain some gothic features that are used in this story This story follows 'The Faust Motif'. This is The use of a monster (Mr Hyde) Due to the fact that he looks abnormal, disabled and is ugly people feel uncomfortable around him and scared to stand anywhere near him. Another feature would be that Dr Jekyll has a second self or in other words an alternate identity being Mr Hyde. This book uses multiple narratives. This is when the story is told through many different perspectives so that the reader can make up his own mind about what the story is actually about. This story we first hear through the perspective of Mr Utterson and Mr Enfield as they try to discover the relationship between Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. Then as the story progresses we hear Mr Hyde's story and towards the end we hear Dr Jekyll' story. I think that Stevenson was trying to show that good and evil cannot be changed or intervened with using the aid of science. He gets his point across when we find out how Dr Jekyll ends up suffering and leading to his own downfall by trying to get rid of hi... ...t they have seen, experienced and had evidence of rather than talking about what they have heard Conclusion In this essay I have gone through the main points of the story. From the beginning where Mr Hyde tramples the young girl and Mr Utterson and Mr Enfield decide to track Mr Hyde. Then I carried on by going onto how the doors of houses and other places can symbolise what is behind them and what type of person uses them. After that I analysed Mr Hyde in depth and discussed his actions. Including when he trampled the young girl and paid her family money to avoid any sort of trouble. Then he brutally murdered Sir Danvers Carew, even though from the maids perspective it seemed as if they were friends. Then I commented on the use of multiple narratives and the relationship between the narrators.

Kerouac :: essays research papers

Born on March 12, 1922, the youngest of three children in a French-Canadian family that had established itself in Lowell, Massachusetts, Jack Kerouac was by the age of ten already aiming to become a writer. His father ran a print shop and published a local newsletter called the Spotlight. Before long he began writing and producing his own sport sheet, which he sold to friends and acquaintances in Lowell. He attended both Catholic and public schools, and won athletic scholarships to the Horace Mann prep school (in New York) and then to Columbia University. In New York he fell in with fellow literary-icons-to-be Allen Ginsberg, the poet, and William S. Burroughs, the novelist. A broken leg hobbled his college football career, and Kerouac quit Columbia in his sophomore year, eventually joining the merchant marine and then Navy (from which he was discharged). Thus began the restless wandering that would characterize both his legacy and his life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To Kerouac, â€Å"Beat† – a shorthand term for â€Å"beatitude† and the idea that the downtrodden are saintly – was not about politics but about spirituality and art. The thirty published and unpublished books he wrote from 1941 to 1969 include Kerouac’s thirteen-volume, more or less autobiographical â€Å"Legend of Duluoz† – a study of a particular lifetime, his own, in the manner of Honore’ de Balzac’s Human Comedy or Marcel Poust’s Remembrance of Things Past.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kerouac set out to become the quintessential literary mythmaker of postwar America, creating his â€Å"Legend of Duluoz† by spinning poetic tales about his adventures. â€Å"I promise I shall never give up, and that I’ll die yelling and laughing,† Kerouac wrote in his diary in 1949. â€Å"And that until then I’ll rush around this world I insist in holy and pull at everyone’s lapel and make them confess to me and to all.† At the time when Norman Mailer was playing sociologist by studying â€Å"whit Negro† hipsters, Kerouac sought to depict his fascinatingly inchoate friend Neal Cassady as the modern-day equivalent of the Wild West legends Jim Bridger, Pecos Bill, and Jesse James. Like the Lowell boy he never quite ceased to be, Kerouac saw football players and range-worn cowboys as the paragons of true America; his diaries teem with references to â€Å"folk heroes† and praise for Zane Grey’s honest drif ters, Herman Melville’s confidence men, and Babe Ruth’s feats on the diamond and in the barroom. Kerouac brought Cassady into the American mythical pantheon as â€Å"the mad Ahab at the wheel,† compelling others to join his roaring drive across Walt Whitman’s patchwork Promise Land.

Brave New World By Alduos Huxley :: Free Essay Writer

Brave New World By Alduos Huxley Brave New World by Aldous Huxley is a book full of meaning and purpose. Even though it was written in 1932 and wasn’t completely accepted at the time, today people accept it as a work of written genius. The book starts off as telling of mans destiny in the future. It is so far into the future that it isn’t even on the time scale of BC or AD, it is AF. There are no parents, no relatives, and no family history. Children are test tube babies in which they are grown and â€Å"born† in a building and live there and learn until they are old enough to leave and live their own lives. The babies are categorized as Alpha’s, Beta’s, Gamma’s, Delta’s and Epsilons. Alpha’s and Beta’s are high class while Gamma’s Delta’s and Epsilon’s are low class and work at factory like places. The people work to make the babies and to make the society a happy place to live in. The only culture that lives on is English; dead languages are everything else like French and Polish. The only society that still lived on was the Indians. Huxley seemed to make his novel a little debauched. The people in the town took a drug called soma and had sex casually. There were even meetings where a group of people would get together, take soma, say rhymes like â€Å"orgy-porgy† and have an orgy. For the time period this book was written, casual sex was not something accepted by the majority of people. This is one reason why the book wasn’t liked. The way Huxley started with the characters Bernard and Lenina made it seem like something big was going to happen to them at the end. Bernard was kind of a rebel from his society by not wanting to take soma and have sex with a different girl every night. And Lenina was the girl of Bernard’s fancy, who he wanted to be with, but Lenina agreed with the consumption of soma and having sex all the time. When Bernard and Lenina went to New Mexico for a holiday, they met some Indians or â€Å"savages†. But for some odd reason they met two English or â€Å"civilized† people there. A woman was left there by a man who was now England’s Director, and she got pregnant with his baby, John, who had a tormented childhood from the Indian children for his race and his mother who still lived with the civilized idea of casual sex, which the Indians did not.

Pointing Out Positive Traits of Workers Essay

When both workers and leaders reach for a common goal, it is possible for that leader to work in a less formal basis with his or her staff.   If a leader believes in McGregor’s Theory X, then he or she will likely believe that their subordinates must constantly be motivated and micromanaged in every aspect of work projects.   However, if a leader subscribes to Theory Y and believes that people, inherently love to work and do not need to be constantly motivated and micromanaged, then the process of project completion can go much more smoothly. These leaders can have both positive and negative influences on their subordinates and it is possible that one or more individuals may be conflicted in their leader’s role in their organization while other co-workers may get along well with that leader and take instructions easily.   So both contingency theories that demonstrate the effectiveness of a leader as related to his or her ability to adapt to different personal styles of their followers is important, as well as trait theories in realizing that a leader does not always have to formally lead.   For these reasons, a leader can relax, be more informal, and have a happier staff with common goals. Many leaders may believe that formal management of staff is always necessary if they have failed to adapt to meet the demands of differing personalities at the workplace.   Contingency theory proposes that this adaptation is extremely important in work settings.   If a leader has had negative experiences with others and has not properly gauged the importance of changing his or her style to constantly changing work environments, these negative relationships and actions may cause the manager to be more strict and uniform with all subordinates in his or her charge.   This can create a hostile work environment, where the leader/manager gauges only negative outcomes and relationships with others and does not take the time to reshape thinking and improve morale. At this point, a more relaxed and adaptable leader would need to step in and help employees to feel more comfortable and capable.   In a simple sense, the leader’s role in contingency theory, is to help reshape the work environment to demonstrate that the leader believes the best of his or her subordinates.   This will create more loyalty and support from followers to their leader and help get the tasks at hand handled more efficiently.   This example demonstrates how strict and formal leadership can have negative consequences, but how an adaptable and personable leader can manage less and more informally with a staff willing to be loyal to him or her and complete goals as a happier team. Similarly, leaders that subscribe to McGregor’s Theory X will focus more on control and delegation and not take the time to realize the ambitions of his or her subordinates.   This style of always formally leading can have many negative consequences on morale, especially if this leader is harsh with punishments and slow with praise.   This type of leader would, most likely, not likely be very rewarding, in that Theory X followers believe that workers are inherently lazy, will only do what they are told to do, and have little sense of responsibility. This is the opposite of what is needed for a healthy team environment, one which a Theory Y proponent would encourage.   The Theory Y type of leader would not constantly, formally manage and would, instead work very hard in helping subordinates realize their worth and potential in the work team.   In this way, human potential can flourish naturally and responsibilities for one’s own actions can be noted.   This less formal style on the part of the leader and more autonomous direction of the worker is very beneficial to morale, team-building, and achieving organizational goals. In conclusion, it is not always best to formally lead others in a managerial sense.   In looking at these two important leadership theories, it can be said that employees are usually much happier when they have the feeling that their leader believes in them and their ability to positively contribute to the team.   In many circumstances, leaders must be formal in order to instruct and follow-up with some individuals that may be struggling. But, it is of the utmost importance that a leader believes that every follower will respect him or her and help see a goal to its fruition.   Additionally important is the ability for the leader to recognize how to adapt to different people and different sets of circumstances.   Loyalty from subordinates will follow if this leader recognizes when to be informal and when to step in and formally guide.   If a leader yields to all of this then morale will be high, the manager can relax more, and goals will be met.